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US-UMB: Univ. of Mich. Biological Station

Tower_team:
PI: Aimee Classen aclassen@umich.edu - University of Michigan
PI: Christopher Gough cmgough@vcu.edu - Virginia Commonwealth University
PI: Gil Bohrer bohrer.17@osu.edu - Ohio State University
DataManager: John Lenters jlenters@umich.edu - University of Michigan
DataManager: Justine Missik missik.2@osu.edu - Ohio State University
Lat, Long: 45.5598, -84.7138
Elevation(m): 234
Network Affiliations: AmeriFlux, Phenocam
Vegetation IGBP: DBF (Deciduous Broadleaf Forests: Lands dominated by woody vegetation with a percent cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Consists of broadleaf tree communities with an annual cycle of leaf-on and leaf-off periods.)
Climate Koeppen: Dfb (Warm Summer Continental: significant precipitation in all seasons )
Mean Annual Temp (°C): 5.83
Mean Annual Precip. (mm): 803
Flux Species Measured: CO2, H, H2O
Years Data Collected: 1999 - Present
Years Data Available:

AmeriFlux BASE 2000 - 2024   Data Citation

AmeriFlux FLUXNET 2007 - 2021   Data Citation
Data Use Policy:AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy1
Description:
The UMBS site is located within a protected forest owned by the University of Michigan. Arboreal composition of the forest consists of mid-aged northern ...
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URL: http://flux.org.ohio-state.edu/
Research Topics:
The research objectives of the University of Michigan Biological Station (UMBS) site are to address questions of ecosystem/atmosphere linkages that are ...
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Acknowledgment: —
Site Tasks
  1. This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
    The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if this site’s data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
Site Photo More Site Images
Image Credit: Christopher Gough, 08/01/2008
Copyright preference: Open use
Site Publication More Site Publications
Gough, C. M., Hardiman, B. S., Nave, L. E., Bohrer, G., Maurer, K. D., Vogel, C. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Curtis, P. S. 2013. Sustained Carbon Uptake And Storage Following Moderate Disturbance In A Great Lakes Forest, Ecological Applications, 23:5, 1202-1215.

US-UMB: Univ. of Mich. Biological Station

Use the information below for citation of this site. See the Data Policy page for more details.

DOI(s) for citing US-UMB data

Data Use Policy: AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 License

This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if US-UMB data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.

  • AmeriFlux BASE: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1246107
    Citation: Christopher Gough, Gil Bohrer, Peter Curtis (2024), AmeriFlux BASE US-UMB Univ. of Mich. Biological Station, Ver. 21-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1246107
  • AmeriFlux FLUXNET: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/2204882
    Citation: Christopher Gough, Gil Bohrer, Peter Curtis (2023), AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-UMB Univ. of Mich. Biological Station, Ver. 3-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/2204882

Find global FLUXNET datasets, like FLUXNET2015 and FLUXNET-CH4, and their citation information at fluxnet.org.

To cite BADM when downloaded on their own, use the publications below for citing site characterization. When using BADM that are downloaded with AmeriFlux BASE and AmeriFlux FLUXNET products, use the DOI citation for the associated data product.

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

    —

Acknowledgments

    —

Resources

US-UMB: Univ. of Mich. Biological Station

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Note: Results are the number of downloads to distinct data users. The Download Count column indicates the number of times the data user downloaded the data. The Version column refers to the version of the data product for the site that was downloaded by the data user.

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US-UMB: Univ. of Mich. Biological Station

Year Publication
2022 Teets, A., Moore, D. J., Alexander, M. R., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Burns, S. P., Carbone, M. S., Ducey, M. J., Fraver, S., Gough, C. M., Hollinger, D. Y., Koch, G., Kolb, T., Munger, J. W., Novick, K. A., Ollinger, S. V., Ouimette, A. P., Pederson, N., Ricciuto, D. M., Seyednasrollah, B., Vogel, C. S., Richardson, A. D. (2022) Coupling Of Tree Growth And Photosynthetic Carbon Uptake Across Six North American Forests, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 127(4), . https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006690
2020 Xu, B., Arain, M. A., Black, T. A., Law, B. E., Pastorello, G. Z., Chu, H. (2020) Seasonal Variability Of Forest Sensitivity To Heat And Drought Stresses: A Synthesis Based On Carbon Fluxes From North American Forest Ecosystems, Global Change Biology, 26(2), 901-918. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14843
2021 Braghiere,R.K., Wang,Y., Doughty,R., Sousa,D., Magney,T., Widlowski,J.-L., Longo,M., Bloom,A.A., Worden,J., Gentine,P., Frankenberg,C. (2021) Accounting for canopy structure improves hyperspectral radiative transfer and sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence representations in a new generation Earth System model, Remote Sensing of Environment, 261, . https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112497
2021 Chu, H., Luo, X., Ouyang, Z., Chan, W. S., Dengel, S., Biraud, S. C., Torn, M. S., Metzger, S., Kumar, J., Arain, M. A., Arkebauer, T. J., Baldocchi, D., Bernacchi, C., Billesbach, D., Black, T. A., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Brown, S., Brunsell, N. A., Chen, J., Chen, X., Clark, K., Desai, A. R., Duman, T., Durden, D., Fares, S., Forbrich, I., Gamon, J. A., Gough, C. M., Griffis, T., Helbig, M., Hollinger, D., Humphreys, E., Ikawa, H., Iwata, H., Ju, Y., Knowles, J. F., Knox, S. H., Kobayashi, H., Kolb, T., Law, B., Lee, X., Litvak, M., Liu, H., Munger, J. W., Noormets, A., Novick, K., Oberbauer, S. F., Oechel, W., Oikawa, P., Papuga, S. A., Pendall, E., Prajapati, P., Prueger, J., Quinton, W. L., Richardson, A. D., Russell, E. S., Scott, R. L., Starr, G., Staebler, R., Stoy, P. C., Stuart-Haëntjens, E., Sonnentag, O., Sullivan, R. C., Suyker, A., Ueyama, M., Vargas, R., Wood, J. D., Zona, D. (2021) Representativeness Of Eddy-Covariance Flux Footprints For Areas Surrounding Ameriflux Sites, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 301-302, 108350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108350
2019 Zhang, Q., Ficklin, D. L., Manzoni, S., Wang, L., Way, D., Phillips, R. P., Novick, K. A. (2019) Response Of Ecosystem Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency And Gross Primary Productivity To Rising Vapor Pressure Deficit, Environmental Research Letters, 14(7), 074023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2603
2016 Novick, K. A., Ficklin, D. L., Stoy, P. C., Williams, C. A., Bohrer, G., Oishi, A., Papuga, S. A., Blanken, P. D., Noormets, A., Sulman, B. N., Scott, R. L., Wang, L., Phillips, R. P. (2016) The Increasing Importance Of Atmospheric Demand For Ecosystem Water And Carbon Fluxes, Nature Climate Change, 6(11), 1023-1027. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3114
2015 Stuart-Haëntjens, E. J., Curtis, P. S., Fahey, R. T., Vogel, C. S., Gough, C. M. (2015) Net Primary Production Of A Temperate Deciduous Forest Exhibits A Threshold Response To Increasing Disturbance Severity, Ecology, 96(9), 2478-2487. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1810.1
2018 Stuart-Haëntjens, E., De Boeck, H. J., Lemoine, N. P., Mänd, P., Kröel-Dulay, G., Schmidt, I. K., Jentsch, A., Stampfli, A., Anderegg, W. R., Bahn, M., Kreyling, J., Wohlgemuth, T., Lloret, F., Classen, A. T., Gough, C. M., Smith, M. D. (2018) Mean Annual Precipitation Predicts Primary Production Resistance And Resilience To Extreme Drought, Science Of The Total Environment, 636, 360-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.290
2013 Stoy, P. C., Dietze, M., Richardson, A. D., Vargas, R., Barr, A. G., Anderson, R. S., Arain, M. A., Baker, I. T., Black, T. A., Chen, J. M., Cook, R. B., Gough, C. M., Grant, R. F., Hollinger, D. Y., Izaurralde, R. C., Kucharik, C. J., Lafleur, P., Law, B. E., Liu, S., Lokupitiya, E., Luo, Y., Munger, J. W., Peng, C., Poulter, B., Price, D. T., Ricciuto, D. M., Riley, W. J., Sahoo, A. K., Schaefer, K., Schwalm, C. R., Tian, H., Verbeeck, H., Weng, E. (2013) Evaluating The Agreement Between Measurements And Models Of Net Ecosystem Exchange At Different Times And Time Scales Using Wavelet Coherence: An Example Using Data From The North American Carbon Program Site-Level Interim Synthesis, Biogeosciences Discussions, 10(2), 3039-3077. https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-3039-2013
2015 Seok, B., Helmig, D., Liptzin, D., Williams, M. W., Vogel, C. S. (2015) Snowpack-Atmosphere Gas Exchanges Of Carbon Dioxide, Ozone, And Nitrogen Oxides At A Hardwood Forest Site In Northern Michigan, Elementa: Science Of The Anthropocene, 3, 000040. https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000040
2018 Scheuermann, C. M., Nave, L. E., Fahey, R. T., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Gough, C. M. (2018) Effects Of Canopy Structure And Species Diversity On Primary Production In Upper Great Lakes Forests, Oecologia, 188(2), 405-415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4236-x
2016 Schmid, A. V., Vogel, C. S., Liebman, E., Curtis, P. S., Gough, C. M. (2016) Coarse Woody Debris And The Carbon Balance Of A Moderately Disturbed Forest, Forest Ecology And Management, 361, 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.001
2018 Sagara, B., Fahey, R., Vogel, C., Fotis, A., Curtis, P., Gough, C. (2018) Moderate Disturbance Has Similar Effects On Production Regardless Of Site Quality And Composition, Forests, 9(2), 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9020070
2017 Nave, L. E., Drevnick, P. E., Heckman, K. A., Hofmeister, K. L., Veverica, T. J., Swanston, C. W. (2017) Soil Hydrology, Physical And Chemical Properties And The Distribution Of Carbon And Mercury In A Postglacial Lake-Plain Wetland, Geoderma, 305, 40-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.05.035
2017 Nave, L. E., Gough, C. M., Perry, C. H., Hofmeister, K. L., Le Moine, J. M., Domke, G. M., Swanston, C. W., Nadelhoffer, K. J. (2017) Physiographic Factors Underlie Rates Of Biomass Production During Succession In Great Lakes Forest Landscapes, Forest Ecology And Management, 397, 157-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.04.040
2017 Mastrotheodoros, T., Pappas, C., Molnar, P., Burlando, P., Keenan, T. F., Gentine, P., Gough, C. M., Fatichi, S. (2017) Linking Plant Functional Trait Plasticity And The Large Increase In Forest Water Use Efficiency, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 122(9), 2393-2408. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG003890
2017 Liebman, E., Yang, J., Nave, L. E., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Gough, C. M. (2017) Research Article: Soil Respiration In Upper Great Lakes Old-Growth Forest Ecosystems, Bios, 88(3), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1893/0005-3155-88.3.105
2018 Li, X., Xiao, J., He, B., Altaf Arain, M., Beringer, J., Desai, A. R., Emmel, C., Hollinger, D. Y., Krasnova, A., Mammarella, I., Noe, S. M., Ortiz, P. S., Rey-Sanchez, A. C., Rocha, A. V., Varlagin, A. (2018) Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Is Strongly Correlated With Terrestrial Photosynthesis For A Wide Variety Of Biomes: First Global Analysis Based On Oco-2 And Flux Tower Observations, Global Change Biology, 24(9), 3990-4008. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14297
2018 LaRue, E. A., Atkins, J. W., Dahlin, K., Fahey, R., Fei, S., Gough, C., Hardiman, B. S. (2018) Linking Landsat To Terrestrial Lidar: Vegetation Metrics Of Forest Greenness Are Correlated With Canopy Structural Complexity, International Journal Of Applied Earth Observation And Geoinformation, 73, 420-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.07.001
2016 Gough, C. M., Curtis, P. S., Hardiman, B. S., Scheuermann, C. M., Bond‐Lamberty, B. (2016) Disturbance, Complexity, And Succession Of Net Ecosystem Production In North America’S Temperate Deciduous Forests, Ecosphere, 7(6), . https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1375
2018 Hardiman, B., LaRue, E., Atkins, J., Fahey, R., Wagner, F., Gough, C. (2018) Spatial Variation In Canopy Structure Across Forest Landscapes, Forests, 9(8), 474. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9080474
2016 Fahey, R. T., Stuart-Haëntjens, E. J., Gough, C. M., De La Cruz, A., Stockton, E., Vogel, C. S., Curtis, P. S. (2016) Evaluating Forest Subcanopy Response To Moderate Severity Disturbance And Contribution To Ecosystem-Level Productivity And Resilience, Forest Ecology And Management, 376, 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.06.001
2018 Curtis, P. S., Gough, C. M. (2018) Forest Aging, Disturbance And The Carbon Cycle, New Phytologist, 219(4), 1188-1193. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15227
2018 Castillo, B. T., Nave, L. E., Le Moine, J. M., James, T. Y., Nadelhoffer, K. J. (2018) Impacts Of Experimentally Accelerated Forest Succession On Belowground Plant And Fungal Communities, Soil Biology And Biochemistry, 125, 44-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.022
2018 Bond-Lamberty, B., Bailey, V. L., Chen, M., Gough, C. M., Vargas, R. (2018) Globally Rising Soil Heterotrophic Respiration Over Recent Decades, Nature, 560(7716), 80-83. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0358-x
2018 Besnard, S., Carvalhais, N., Arain, M. A., Black, A., de Bruin, S., Buchmann, N., Cescatti, A., Chen, J., Clevers, J. G., Desai, A. R., Gough, C. M., Havrankova, K., Herold, M., Hörtnagl, L., Jung, M., Knohl, A., Kruijt, B., Krupkova, L., Law, B. E., Lindroth, A., Noormets, A., Roupsard, O., Steinbrecher, R., Varlagin, A., Vincke, C., Reichstein, M. (2018) Quantifying The Effect Of Forest Age In Annual Net Forest Carbon Balance, Environmental Research Letters, 13(12), 124018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaeaeb
2018 Atkins, J. W., Fahey, R. T., Hardiman, B. H., Gough, C. M. (2018) Forest Canopy Structural Complexity And Light Absorption Relationships At The Subcontinental Scale, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 123(4), 1387-1405. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004256
2014 Nave, L. E., Sparks, J. P., Le Moine, J., Hardiman, B. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Tallant, J. M., Vogel, C. S., Strahm, B. D., Curtis, P. S. (2014) Changes In Soil Nitrogen Cycling In A Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystem During Succession, Biogeochemistry, 121(3), 471-488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-0013-z
2010 Gough, C. M., Vogel, C. S., Hardiman, B., Curtis, P. S. (2010) Wood Net Primary Production Resilience In An Unmanaged Forest Transitioning From Early To Middle Succession, Forest Ecology And Management, 260(1), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.027
2009 Gough, C. M., Flower, C. E., Vogel, C. S., Dragoni, D., Curtis, P. S. (2009) Whole-Ecosystem Labile Carbon Production In A North Temperate Deciduous Forest, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 149(9), 1531-1540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.04.006
2008 Gough, C. M., Vogel, C. S., Schmid, H. P., Curtis, P. S. (2008) Controls On Annual Forest Carbon Storage: Lessons From The Past And Predictions For The Future, Bioscience, 58(7), 609-622. https://doi.org/10.1641/B580708
2008 Gough, C., Vogel, C., Schmid, H., Su, H., Curtis, P. (2008) Multi-Year Convergence Of Biometric And Meteorological Estimates Of Forest Carbon Storage, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 148(2), 158-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.08.004
2007 GOUGH, C. M., VOGEL, C. S., HARROLD, K. H., GEORGE, K., CURTIS, P. S. (2007) The Legacy Of Harvest And Fire On Ecosystem Carbon Storage In A North Temperate Forest, Global Change Biology, 13(9), 1935-1949. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01406.x
2007 Gough, C. M., Vogel, C. S., Kazanski, C., Nagel, L., Flower, C. E., Curtis, P. S. (2007) Coarse Woody Debris And The Carbon Balance Of A North Temperate Forest, Forest Ecology And Management, 244(1-3), 60-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.039
2019 Aron, P. G., Poulsen, C. J., Fiorella, R. P., Matheny, A. M. (2019) Stable Water Isotopes Reveal Effects Of Intermediate Disturbance And Canopy Structure On Forest Water Cycling, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 124(10), 2958-2975. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JG005118
2011 Hardiman, B. S., Bohrer, G., Gough, C. M., Vogel, C. S., Curtis, P. S. (2011) The Role Of Canopy Structural Complexity In Wood Net Primary Production Of A Maturing Northern Deciduous Forest, Ecology, 92(9), 1818-1827. https://doi.org/10.1890/10-2192.1
2011 NIU, S., LUO, Y., FEI, S., MONTAGNANI, L., BOHRER, G., JANSSENS, I. A., GIELEN, B., RAMBAL, S., MOORS, E., MATTEUCCI, G. (2011) Seasonal Hysteresis Of Net Ecosystem Exchange In Response To Temperature Change: Patterns And Causes, Global Change Biology, 17(10), 3102-3114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02459.x
2011 Yuan, W., Luo, Y., Li, X., Liu, S., Yu, G., Zhou, T., Bahn, M., Black, A., Desai, A. R., Cescatti, A., Marcolla, B., Jacobs, C., Chen, J., Aurela, M., Bernhofer, C., Gielen, B., Bohrer, G., Cook, D. R., Dragoni, D., Dunn, A. L., Gianelle, D., Grünwald, T., Ibrom, A., Leclerc, M. Y., Lindroth, A., Liu, H., Marchesini, L. B., Montagnani, L., Pita, G., Rodeghiero, M., Rodrigues, A., Starr, G., Stoy, P. C. (2011) Redefinition And Global Estimation Of Basal Ecosystem Respiration Rate, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 25(4), n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004150
2011 Garrity, S. R., Bohrer, G., Maurer, K. D., Mueller, K. L., Vogel, C. S., Curtis, P. S. (2011) A Comparison Of Multiple Phenology Data Sources For Estimating Seasonal Transitions In Deciduous Forest Carbon Exchange, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 151(12), 1741-1752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.008
2011 Nave, L. E., Gough, C. M., Maurer, K. D., Bohrer, G., Hardiman, B. S., Le Moine, J., Munoz, A. B., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Sparks, J. P., Strahm, B. D., Vogel, C. S., Curtis, P. S. (2011) Disturbance And The Resilience Of Coupled Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling In A North Temperate Forest, Journal Of Geophysical Research, 116(G4), . https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001758
2011 Lee, X., Goulden, M. L., Hollinger, D. Y., Barr, A., Black, T. A., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Drake, B., Goldstein, A., Gu, L., Katul, G., Kolb, T., Law, B. E., Margolis, H., Meyers, T., Monson, R., Munger, W., Oren, R., Paw U, K. T., Richardson, A. D., Schmid, H. P., Staebler, R., Wofsy, S., Zhao, L. (2011) Observed Increase In Local Cooling Effect Of Deforestation At Higher Latitudes, Nature, 479(7373), 384-387. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10588
2012 Richardson, A. D., Anderson, R. S., Arain, M. A., Barr, A. G., Bohrer, G., Chen, G., Chen, J. M., Ciais, P., Davis, K. J., Desai, A. R., Dietze, M. C., Dragoni, D., Garrity, S. R., Gough, C. M., Grant, R., Hollinger, D. Y., Margolis, H. A., McCaughey, H., Migliavacca, M., Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Poulter, B., Raczka, B. M., Ricciuto, D. M., Sahoo, A. K., Schaefer, K., Tian, H., Vargas, R., Verbeeck, H., Xiao, J., Xue, Y. (2012) Terrestrial Biosphere Models Need Better Representation Of Vegetation Phenology: Results From The North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis, Global Change Biology, 18(2), 566-584. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02562.x
2012 Garrity, S. R., Meyer, K., Maurer, K. D., Hardiman, B., Bohrer, G. (2012) Estimating Plot-Level Tree Structure In A Deciduous Forest By Combining Allometric Equations, Spatial Wavelet Analysis And Airborne Lidar, Remote Sensing Letters, 3(5), 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.618814
2012 Wu, C., Gonsamo, A., Chen, J. M., Kurz, W. A., Price, D. T., Lafleur, P. M., Jassal, R. S., Dragoni, D., Bohrer, G., Gough, C. M., Verma, S. B., Suyker, A. E., Munger, J. W. (2012) Interannual And Spatial Impacts Of Phenological Transitions, Growing Season Length, And Spring And Autumn Temperatures On Carbon Sequestration: A North America Flux Data Synthesis, Global And Planetary Change, 92-93, 179-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.05.021
2012 Yan, H., Wang, S., Billesbach, D., Oechel, W., Zhang, J., Meyers, T., Martin, T., Matamala, R., Baldocchi, D., Bohrer, G., Dragoni, D., Scott, R. (2012) Global Estimation Of Evapotranspiration Using A Leaf Area Index-Based Surface Energy And Water Balance Model, Remote Sensing Of Environment, 124, 581-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.06.004
2012 Wang, T., Brender, P., Ciais, P., Piao, S., Mahecha, M. D., Chevallier, F., Reichstein, M., Ottlé, C., Maignan, F., Arain, A., Bohrer, G., Cescatti, A., Kiely, G., Law, B. E., Lutz, M., Montagnani, L., Moors, E., Osborne, B., Panferov, O., Papale, D., Vaccari, F. P. (2012) State-Dependent Errors In A Land Surface Model Across Biomes Inferred From Eddy Covariance Observations On Multiple Timescales, Ecological Modelling, 246, 11-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.07.017
2012 Lasslop, G., Migliavacca, M., Bohrer, G., Reichstein, M., Bahn, M., Ibrom, A., Jacobs, C., Kolari, P., Papale, D., Vesala, T., Wohlfahrt, G., Cescatti, A. (2012) On The Choice Of The Driving Temperature For Eddy-Covariance Carbon Dioxide Flux Partitioning, Biogeosciences, 9(12), 5243-5259. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-5243-2012
2013 Barr, A., Richardson, A., Hollinger, D., Papale, D., Arain, M., Black, T., Bohrer, G., Dragoni, D., Fischer, M., Gu, L., Law, B., Margolis, H., McCaughey, J., Munger, J., Oechel, W., Schaeffer, K. (2013) Use Of Change-Point Detection For Friction–Velocity Threshold Evaluation In Eddy-Covariance Studies, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 171-172, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.023
2013 Hardiman, B. S., Gough, C. M., Halperin, A., Hofmeister, K. L., Nave, L. E., Bohrer, G., Curtis, P. S. (2013) Maintaining High Rates Of Carbon Storage In Old Forests: A Mechanism Linking Canopy Structure To Forest Function, Forest Ecology And Management, 298, 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.02.031
2013 Wu, C., Chen, J. M., Black, T. A., Price, D. T., Kurz, W. A., Desai, A. R., Gonsamo, A., Jassal, R. S., Gough, C. M., Bohrer, G., Dragoni, D., Herbst, M., Gielen, B., Berninger, F., Vesala, T., Mammarella, I., Pilegaard, K., Blanken, P. D. (2013) Interannual Variability Of Net Ecosystem Productivity In Forests Is Explained By Carbon Flux Phenology In Autumn, Global Ecology And Biogeography, 22(8), 994-1006. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12044
2013 Hardiman, B., Bohrer, G., Gough, C., Curtis, P. (2013) Canopy Structural Changes Following Widespread Mortality Of Canopy Dominant Trees, Forests, 4(3), 537-552. https://doi.org/10.3390/f4030537
2013 Maurer, K. D., Hardiman, B. S., Vogel, C. S., Bohrer, G. (2013) Canopy-Structure Effects On Surface Roughness Parameters: Observations In A Great Lakes Mixed-Deciduous Forest, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 177, 24-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.002
2013 He, L., Ivanov, V. Y., Bohrer, G., Thomsen, J. E., Vogel, C. S., Moghaddam, M. (2013) Temporal Dynamics Of Soil Moisture In A Northern Temperate Mixed Successional Forest After A Prescribed Intermediate Disturbance, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 180, 22-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.014
2013 Keenan, T. F., Hollinger, D. Y., Bohrer, G., Dragoni, D., Munger, J. W., Schmid, H. P., Richardson, A. D. (2013) Increase In Forest Water-Use Efficiency As Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Rise, Nature, 499(7458), 324-327. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12291
2013 Detto, M., Bohrer, G., Nietz, J., Maurer, K., Vogel, C., Gough, C., Curtis, P. (2013) Multivariate Conditional Granger Causality Analysis For Lagged Response Of Soil Respiration In A Temperate Forest, Entropy, 15(12), 4266-4284. https://doi.org/10.3390/e15104266
2013 Thomsen, J., Bohrer, G., Matheny, A., Ivanov, V., He, L., Renninger, H., Schäfer, K. (2013) Contrasting Hydraulic Strategies During Dry Soil Conditions In Quercus Rubra And Acer Rubrum In A Sandy Site In Michigan, Forests, 4(4), 1106-1120. https://doi.org/10.3390/f4041106
2014 Fu, D., Chen, B., Zhang, H., Wang, J., Black, T. A., Amiro, B. D., Bohrer, G., Bolstad, P., Coulter, R., Rahman, A. F., Dunn, A., McCaughey, J. H., Meyers, T., Verma, S. (2014) Estimating Landscape Net Ecosystem Exchange At High Spatial–Temporal Resolution Based On Landsat Data, An Improved Upscaling Model Framework, And Eddy Covariance Flux Measurements, Remote Sensing Of Environment, 141, 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.10.029
2014 He, L., Ivanov, V. Y., Bohrer, G., Maurer, K. D., Vogel, C. S., Moghaddam, M. (2014) Effects Of Fine-Scale Soil Moisture And Canopy Heterogeneity On Energy And Water Fluxes In A Northern Temperate Mixed Forest, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 184, 243-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.10.006
2014 Verma, M., Friedl, M. A., Richardson, A. D., Kiely, G., Cescatti, A., Law, B. E., Wohlfahrt, G., Gielen, B., Roupsard, O., Moors, E. J., Toscano, P., Vaccari, F. P., Gianelle, D., Bohrer, G., Varlagin, A., Buchmann, N., van Gorsel, E., Montagnani, L., Propastin, P. (2014) Remote Sensing Of Annual Terrestrial Gross Primary Productivity From Modis: An Assessment Using The Fluxnet La Thuile Data Set, Biogeosciences, 11(8), 2185-2200. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2185-2014
2014 Keenan, T. F., Gray, J., Friedl, M. A., Toomey, M., Bohrer, G., Hollinger, D. Y., Munger, J. W., O’Keefe, J., Schmid, H. P., Wing, I. S., Yang, B., Richardson, A. D. (2014) Net Carbon Uptake Has Increased Through Warming-Induced Changes In Temperate Forest Phenology, Nature Climate Change, 4(7), 598-604. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2253
2014 Matheny, A. M., Bohrer, G., Stoy, P. C., Baker, I. T., Black, A. T., Desai, A. R., Dietze, M. C., Gough, C. M., Ivanov, V. Y., Jassal, R. S., Novick, K. A., Schäfer, K. V., Verbeeck, H. (2014) Characterizing The Diurnal Patterns of Errors in The Prediction of Evapotranspiration by Several Land-Surface Models: An Nacp Analysis, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 119(7), 1458-1473. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002623
2015 Yan, H., Wang, S., Billesbach, D., Oechel, W., Bohrer, G., Meyers, T., Martin, T. A., Matamala, R., Phillips, R. P., Rahman, F., Yu, Q., Shugart, H. H. (2015) Improved Global Simulations Of Gross Primary Product Based On A New Definition Of Water Stress Factor And A Separate Treatment Of C3 And C4 Plants, Ecological Modelling, 297, 42-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.11.002
2015 Cheng, S. J., Bohrer, G., Steiner, A. L., Hollinger, D. Y., Suyker, A., Phillips, R. P., Nadelhoffer, K. J. (2015) Variations In The Influence Of Diffuse Light On Gross Primary Productivity In Temperate Ecosystems, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 201, 98-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.11.002
2015 Toomey, M., Friedl, M. A., Frolking, S., Hufkens, K., Klosterman, S., Sonnentag, O., Baldocchi, D. D., Bernacchi, C. J., Biraud, S. C., Bohrer, G., Brzostek, E., Burns, S. P., Coursolle, C., Hollinger, D. Y., Margolis, H. A., McCaughey, H., Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Pallardy, S., Phillips, R. P., Torn, M. S., Wharton, S., Zeri, M., Richardson, A. D. (2015) Greenness Indices From Digital Cameras Predict The Timing And Seasonal Dynamics Of Canopy-Scale Photosynthesis, Ecological Applications, 25(1), 99-115. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0005.1
2015 D’Odorico, P., Gonsamo, A., Gough, C. M., Bohrer, G., Morison, J., Wilkinson, M., Hanson, P. J., Gianelle, D., Fuentes, J. D., Buchmann, N. (2015) The Match And Mismatch Between Photosynthesis And Land Surface Phenology Of Deciduous Forests, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 214-215, 25-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.07.005
2015 Bryan, A. M., Cheng, S. J., Ashworth, K., Guenther, A. B., Hardiman, B. S., Bohrer, G., Steiner, A. L. (2015) Forest-Atmosphere Bvoc Exchange In Diverse And Structurally Complex Canopies: 1-D Modeling Of A Mid-Successional Forest In Northern Michigan, Atmospheric Environment, 120, 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.094
2015 Matheny, A. M., Bohrer, G., Garrity, S. R., Morin, T. H., Howard, C. J., Vogel, C. S. (2015) Observations Of Stem Water Storage In Trees Of Opposing Hydraulic Strategies, Ecosphere, 6(9), art165. https://doi.org/10.1890/ES15-00170.1
2015 Frasson, R. P., Bohrer, G., Medvigy, D., Matheny, A. M., Morin, T. H., Vogel, C. S., Gough, C. M., Maurer, K. D., Curtis, P. S. (2015) Modeling Forest Carbon Cycle Response To Tree Mortality: Effects Of Plant Functional Type And Disturbance Intensity, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 120(11), 2178-2193. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003035
2016 Cheng, S. J., Steiner, A. L., Hollinger, D. Y., Bohrer, G., Nadelhoffer, K. J. (2016) Using Satellite-Derived Optical Thickness To Assess The Influence Of Clouds On Terrestrial Carbon Uptake, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 121(7), 1747-1761. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003365
2016 Novick, K. A., Ficklin, D. L., Stoy, P. C., Williams, C. A., Bohrer, G., Oishi, A., Papuga, S. A., Blanken, P. D., Noormets, A., Sulman, B. N., Scott, R. L., Wang, L., Phillips, R. P. (2016) The Increasing Importance Of Atmospheric Demand For Ecosystem Water And Carbon Fluxes, Nature Climate Change, 6(11), 1023-1027. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3114
2017 Wu, C., Peng, D., Soudani, K., Siebicke, L., Gough, C. M., Arain, M. A., Bohrer, G., Lafleur, P. M., Peichl, M., Gonsamo, A., Xu, S., Fang, B., Ge, Q. (2017) Land Surface Phenology Derived From Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (Ndvi) At Global Fluxnet Sites, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 233, 171-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.11.193
2017 Hardiman, B., Gough, C., Butnor, J., Bohrer, G., Detto, M., Curtis, P. (2017) Coupling Fine-Scale Root And Canopy Structure Using Ground-Based Remote Sensing, Remote Sensing, 9(2), 182. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9020182
2017 Matheny, A. M., Mirfenderesgi, G., Bohrer, G. (2017) Trait-Based Representation Of Hydrological Functional Properties Of Plants In Weather And Ecosystem Models, Plant Diversity, 39(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2016.10.001
2017 Kenny, W. T., Bohrer, G., Morin, T. H., Vogel, C. S., Matheny, A. M., Desai, A. R. (2017) A Numerical Case Study Of The Implications Of Secondary Circulations To The Interpretation Of Eddy-Covariance Measurements Over Small Lakes, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 165(2), 311-332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-017-0268-8
2017 Montané, F., Fox, A. M., Arellano, A. F., MacBean, N., Alexander, M. R., Dye, A., Bishop, D. A., Trouet, V., Babst, F., Hessl, A. E., Pederson, N., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Gough, C. M., Litvak, M. E., Novick, K. A., Phillips, R. P., Wood, J. D., Moore, D. J. (2017) Evaluating The Effect Of Alternative Carbon Allocation Schemes In A Land Surface Model (Clm4.5) On Carbon Fluxes, Pools, And Turnover In Temperate Forests, Geoscientific Model Development, 10(9), 3499-3517. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3499-2017
2017 Yan, H., Wang, S., Yu, K., Wang, B., Yu, Q., Bohrer, G., Billesbach, D., Bracho, R., Rahman, F., Shugart, H. H. (2017) A Novel Diffuse Fraction-Based Two-Leaf Light Use Efficiency Model: An Application Quantifying Photosynthetic Seasonality Across 20 Ameriflux Flux Tower Sites, Journal of Advances In Modeling Earth Systems, 9(6), 2317-2332. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016MS000886
2017 Matheny, A. M., Garrity, S. R., Bohrer, G. (2017) The Calibration And Use Of Capacitance Sensors To Monitor Stem Water Content In Trees, Journal Of Visualized Experiments, (130), . https://doi.org/10.3791/57062
2018 Fotis, A. T., Morin, T. H., Fahey, R. T., Hardiman, B. S., Bohrer, G., Curtis, P. S. (2018) Forest Structure In Space And Time: Biotic And Abiotic Determinants Of Canopy Complexity And Their Effects On Net Primary Productivity, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 250-251, 181-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.12.251
2018 Atkins, J. W., Bohrer, G., Fahey, R. T., Hardiman, B. S., Morin, T. H., Stovall, A. E., Zimmerman, N., Gough, C. M. (2018) Quantifying Vegetation And Canopy Structural Complexity From Terrestrial Lidar Data Using The Forestr R Package, Methods In Ecology And Evolution, 9(10), 2057-2066. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13061
2019 Mirfenderesgi, G., Matheny, A. M., Bohrer, G. (2019) Hydrodynamic Trait Coordination And Cost-Benefit Trade-Offs Throughout The Isohydric-Anisohydric Continuum In Trees, Ecohydrology, 12(1), e2041. https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2041
2015 Toomey, M., Friedl, M. A., Frolking, S., Hufkens, K., Klosterman, S., Sonnentag, O., Baldocchi, D. D., Bernacchi, C. J., Biraud, S. C., Bohrer, G., Brzostek, E., Burns, S. P., Coursolle, C., Hollinger, D. Y., Margolis, H. A., McCaughey, H., Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Pallardy, S., Phillips, R. P., Torn, M. S., Wharton, S., Zeri, M., Richardson, A. D. (2015) Greenness Indices From Digital Cameras Predict The Timing And Seasonal Dynamics Of Canopy-Scale Photosynthesis, Ecological Applications, 25(1), 99-115. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1890/14-0005.1
2019 Sullivan, R. C., Kotamarthi, V. R., Feng, Y. (2019) Recovering Evapotranspiration Trends From Biased CMIP5 Simulations And Sensitivity To Changing Climate Over North America, Journal Of Hydrometeorology, 20(8), 1619-1633. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-18-0259.1
2019 Sullivan, R. C., Cook, D. R., Ghate, V. P., Kotamarthi, V. R., Feng, Y. (2019) Improved Spatiotemporal Representativeness And Bias Reduction Of Satellite-Based Evapotranspiration Retrievals Via Use Of In Situ Meteorology And Constrained Canopy Surface Resistance, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 124(2), 342-352. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004744
2018 Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Poindexter, C., Abraha, M., Desai, A. R., Bohrer, G., Arain, M. A., Griffis, T., Blanken, P. D., O'Halloran, T. L., Thomas, R. Q., Zhang, Q., Burns, S. P., Frank, J. M., Christian, D., Brown, S., Black, T. A., Gough, C. M., Law, B. E., Lee, X., Chen, J., Reed, D. E., Massman, W. J., Clark, K., Hatfield, J., Prueger, J., Bracho, R., Baker, J. M., Martin, T. A. (2018) Temporal Dynamics Of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks, Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 9275–9287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306
2015 Yue, X., Unger, N., Keenan, T. F., Zhang, X., Vogel, C. S. (2015) Probing The Past 30-Year Phenology Trend Of Us Deciduous Forests, Biogeosciences, 12(15), 4693-4709. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4693-2015
2017 Porras, R. C., Hicks Pries, C. E., McFarlane, K. J., Hanson, P. J., Torn, M. S. (2017) Association With Pedogenic Iron And Aluminum: Effects On Soil Organic Carbon Storage And Stability In Four Temperate Forest Soils, Biogeochemistry, 133(3), 333-345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0337-6
2013 McFarlane, K. J., Torn, M. S., Hanson, P. J., Porras, R. C., Swanston, C. W., Callaham, M. A., Guilderson, T. P. (2013) Comparison Of Soil Organic Matter Dynamics At Five Temperate Deciduous Forests With Physical Fractionation And Radiocarbon Measurements, Biogeochemistry, 112(1-3), 457-476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-012-9740-1
2017 Matheny AM, Fiorella RP, Bohrer G, Poulsen CJ, Morin TH, Wunderlich A, Vogel CS, Curtis PS. (2017) Contrasting strategies of hydraulic control in two co-dominant temperate tree species, Ecohydrology, 10(3), 1815-1815. https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1815/abstract
2015 Dennis Baldocchi, Cove Sturtevant (2015) Does day and night sampling reduce spurious correlation between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration?, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 207, 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.010
2002 Davidson, E., Savage, K., Bolstad, P., Clark, D., Curtis, P., Ellsworth, D., Hanson, P., Law, B., Luo, Y., Pregitzer, K., Randolph, J., Zak, D. (2002) Belowground Carbon Allocation In Forests Estimated From Litterfall And IRGA-Based Soil Respiration Measurements, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 113(1-4), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(02)00101-6
2005 Curtis, P. S., Vogel, C. S., Gough, C. M., Schmid, H. P., Su, H. B., Bovard, B. D. (2005) Respiratory Carbon Losses And The Carbon-Use Efficiency Of A Northern Hardwood Forest, 1999-2003, New Phytologist, 167(2), 437-456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01438.x
2004 Jarvis, A. J., Stauch, V. J., Schulz, K., Young, P. C. (2004) The Seasonal Temperature Dependency Of Photosynthesis And Respiration In Two Deciduous Forests, Global Change Biology, 10(6), 939-950. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00743.x
2002 Curtis, P. S., Hanson, P. J., Bolstad, P., Barford, C., Randolph, J., Schmid, H., Wilson, K. B. (2002) Biometric And Eddy-Covariance Based Estimates Of Annual Carbon Storage In Five Eastern North American Deciduous Forests, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 113(1-4), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(02)00099-0
2003 Schmid, H. P. (2003) Ecosystem-Atmosphere Exchange Of Carbon Dioxide Over A Mixed Hardwood Forest In Northern Lower Michigan, Journal Of Geophysical Research, 108(D14), 4417-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003011
2005 Hibbard, K. A., Law, B. E., Reichstein, M., Sulzman, J. (2005) An Analysis Of Soil Respiration Across Northern Hemisphere Temperate Ecosystems, Biogeochemistry, 73(1), 29-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-2946-0
2006 Pressley, S., Lamb, B., Westberg, H., Vogel, C. (2006) Relationships Among Canopy Scale Energy Fluxes And Isoprene Flux Derived From Long-Term, Seasonal Eddy Covariance Measurements Over A Hardwood Forest, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 136(3-4), 188-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.11.013
2013 Gough, C. M., Hardiman, B. S., Nave, L. E., Bohrer, G., Maurer, K. D., Vogel, C. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Curtis, P. S. (2013) Sustained Carbon Uptake And Storage Following Moderate Disturbance In A Great Lakes Forest, Ecological Applications, 23(5), 1202-1215. https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1554.1
2000 Rothstein, D. E., Zak, D. R., Pregitzer, K. S., Curtis, P. S. (2000) Kinetics Of Nitrogen Uptake By Populus Tremuloides In Relation To Atmospheric CO2 And Soil Nitrogen Availability, Tree Physiology, 20(4), 265-270. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/20.4.265
2016 Zscheischler, J., Fatichi, S., Wolf, S., Blanken, P., Bohrer, G., Clark, K., Desai, A., Hollinger, D., Keenan, T., Novick, K.A., Seneviratne, S.I. (2016) Short-term favorable weather conditions are an important control of interannual variability in carbon and water fluxes, Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences, 121(8), 2186-2198. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003503
2016 Wolf, S., Keenan, T.F., Fisher, J.B., Baldocchi, D.D., Desai, A.R., Richardson, A.D., Scott, R.L., Law, B.E., Litvak, M.E., Brunsell, N.A., Peters, W., van der Laan-Luijkx, I.T. (2016) Warm spring reduced carbon cycle impact of the 2012 US summer drought, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(21), 5880-5885. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519620113
2015 Shultz, David (2015) As Forests Age, Their Climate Effects Shift, EOS, 96, 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1029/2015EO026455
2014 Matheny, A.M. Bohrer, G. Vogel, C.S. Morin, T.H. He, L. Frasson, R.P.dM. Mirfenderesgi, G. Schäfer, K.V.R. Gough, C.M. Ivanov, V.Y. Curtis, P.S. (2014) Species-specific transpiration responses to intermediate disturbance in a northern hardwood forest, Journal of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences, 119, 2292-2311. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002804
2015 Bond-Lamberty, B. Fisk, J. Holm, J.A. Bailey, V. Bohrer, G. Gough, C.M. (2015) Moderate forest disturbance as a stringent test for gap and big-leaf models, Biogeosciences, 12, 513-526. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-513-2015
2015 Maurer, K.D. Bohrer, G. Kenny, W.T. Ivanov, V.Y. (2015) Large eddy simulations of surface roughness parameter sensitivity to canopy structure characteristics, Biogeosciences, 12, 2533-2548. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2533-2015

US-UMB: Univ. of Mich. Biological Station

BADM for This Site

Access the Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance and Metadata (BADM) information and data for this site.

BADM contain information for many uses, such as characterizing a site’s vegetation and soil, describing disturbance history, and defining instrumentation for flux processing. They complement the flux/met data.

* Online updates are shown on the Overview tab real time. However, downloaded BADM files will not reflect those updates until they have been reviewed for QA/QC.

US-UMB: Univ. of Mich. Biological Station

Wind Roses

Click an image below to enlarge it, or use the navigation panel.
  • Image scale: 711m x 711m
  • Data Collected:
    • Wind roses use variables ‘WS’ and ‘WD’.
    Download Data Download Wind Rose as Image File (PNG)

    Wind Speed (m/s)

  • Graph Type
  • Wind Speed Scale
  • Wind Direction Scale (%)
  • Show Satellite Image
  • Show Wind Rose
    • Annual Average
    About Ameriflux Wind Roses
    Wind Rose Explanation
    A wind rose gives a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Presented in a circular format, a wind rose shows the frequency and intensity of winds blowing from particular directions. The length of each “spoke” around the circle indicates the amount of time (frequency) that the wind blows from a particular direction. Colors along the spokes indicate categories of wind speed (intensity). Each concentric circle represents a different frequency, emanating from zero at the center to increasing frequencies at the outer circles
    Utility
    This information can be useful to gain insight into regions surrounding a flux tower that contribute to the measured fluxes, and how those regions change in dependence of the time of day and season. The wind roses presented here are for four periods of the year, and in 16 cardinal directions. Graphics are available for all sites in the AmeriFlux network based on reported wind measurements at each site.
    Data from each site can be downloaded by clicking the ‘download’ button.
    Hover the cursor over a wind rose to obtain directions, speeds and intensities.
    Note that wind roses are not equivalent to flux footprints. Specifically, the term flux footprint describes an upwind area “seen” by the instruments measuring vertical turbulent fluxes, such that heat, water, gas and momentum transport generated in this area is registered by the instruments. Wind roses, on the other hand, identify only the direction and speed of wind.
    Where do these data come from?
    The wind roses are based on observed hourly data from the sites registered with the AmeriFlux Network.
    Parameters for AmeriFlux Wind Roses
    To use wind roses for a single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:
    • Wind Speed Scale: Per Site
    • Wind Direction Scale (%): Per Site
    To compare wind roses from more than one single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:
    • Wind Speed Scale: Non-Linear
    • Wind Direction Scale (%): AmeriFlux
    Mar - Jun; 6am - 6pm
    Mar - Jun; 6pm - 6am
    Jun - Sep; 6am - 6pm
    Jun - Sep; 6pm - 6am
    Sep - Dec; 6am - 6pm
    Sep - Dec; 6pm - 6am
    Dec - Mar; 6am - 6pm
    Dec - Mar; 6pm - 6am