US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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Tower_team:
PI:	Paul Stoy pcstoy@wisc.edu - University of Wisconsin - Madison
Lat, Long:	47.4758, -111.7207
Elevation(m):	1110
Network Affiliations:	AmeriFlux
Vegetation IGBP:	CRO (Croplands: Lands covered with temporary crops followed by harvest and a bare soil period (e.g., single and multiple cropping systems). Note that perennial woody crops will be classified as the appropriate forest or shrub land cover type.)
Climate Koeppen:	Bsk (Steppe: warm winter)
Mean Annual Temp (°C):	7
Mean Annual Precip. (mm):	374
Flux Species Measured:	CO2, H, H2O
Years Data Collected:	2016 - 2016
Years Data Available:	AmeriFlux BASE 2016 Data Citation
Data Use Policy:	AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy¹
Description:	winter wheat
URL:	—
Research Topics:	Precision agriculture
Acknowledgment:	Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, NSF DEB #1552976

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US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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DOI(s) for citing US-MSR data

Data Use Policy: AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 License

This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
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AmeriFlux BASE: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1617717
Citation: Paul Stoy (2022), AmeriFlux BASE US-MSR Montana Sun River winter wheat , Ver. 3-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1617717

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US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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The US-MSR tower
Keywords: —
**Credit:** James Irvine
**Site ID:** US-MSR
**Location:** Montana, United States
—
**Journal:** —
**Article Title:** —
**Copyright Permissions:** —
**Right to Use:** Open use

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US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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Remote Sensing Data
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MODIS NDVI

The time series shows the 16-day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) average from the MOD13Q1 data product.
Use the slider below the time series to zoom in and out.

Includes all pixels that have acceptable quality

To view / download these data and other MOD13Q1 products for this site, visit MODIS/Terra Vegetation Indices.

For other related products, visit MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.

Citation:

ORNL DAAC. 2018. Terrestrial Ecology Subsetting & Visualization Services (TESViS) Fixed Sites Subsets. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1567

Read more on how to cite these MODIS products. Data come from NASA’s MODIS instruments installed on satellites Terra and Aqua, which scan the entire Earth’s surface every one to two days.

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For a complete list of AmeriFlux sites, visit ORNL DAAC's MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.

PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data

PhenoCams are high-resolution digital cameras that take repeated images of studied ecosystems and provide quantitative information about the canopy phenology. The PhenoCam Network coordinates the camera installation and data reporting/analyses across sites in the Americas, providing automated, near-surface remote sensing of canopy phenology across a range of ecosystems and climate zones. Use of PhenoCam images / data should follow the PhenoCam Data Use Policy .

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GeoNEX Data Products

GeoNEX led by NASA Earth eXchange (NEX) is a collaborative effort for generating Earth monitoring products from the new generation of geostationary satellite sensors. GeoNEX has produced a suite of geostationary data products including surface reflectance, land surface temperature, surface solar radiation, and many others.

The GeoNEX Common Grid locates GeoNEX data in the geographic (latitude/longitude) projection. Pixels (grid cells) are created at regular 0.005°, 0.01°, and 0.02° resolutions.

GeoNEX pixels below cover the area 0.06° x 0.06° around and including site US-MSR, 47.4758, -111.7207.

Click a square in the grid at left to display its data below.

Coordinates for selected GeoNEX Pixel

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NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

No NDVI data have been received for site US-MSR.

NDVI (unitless)

Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & 10 minutes

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NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

No NIRv data have been received for site US-MSR.

NIRv (unitless)

Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & 10 minutes

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DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation

No DSR data have been received for site US-MSR.

Shortwave Radiation (W/m2)

Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & Hourly

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LST: Land Surface Temperature

No LST data have been received for site US-MSR.

LST (K)

Resolution: 0.02° x 0.02° & Hourly

Coordinates for pixel:

Citation

This material can be used without obtaining permission from NASA. NASA should be acknowledged as the source of this material.

Subset Data Citation:

Hashimoto, H., Wang, W., Park, T., Khajehei, S., Ichii, K., Michaelis, A.R., Guzman, A., Nemani, R.R., Torn, M., Yi, K., Brosnan, I.G. (in preparation). Subsets of geostationary satellite data over international observing network sites for studying the diurnal dynamics of energy, carbon, and water cycles.

Relevant Science Publication Citation:

GeoNEX Surface Reflectance for Vegetation Indices (NDVI & NIRv)

Wang, W., Wang, Y., Lyapustin, A., Hashimoto, H., Park, T., Michaelis, A., & Nemani, R. (2022). A novel atmospheric correction algorithm to exploit the diurnal variability in hypertemporal geostationary observations. Remote Sensing, 14(4), 964.

GeoNEX Surface Downward Solar Radiation (DSR):

Li, R., Wang, D., Wang, W., & Nemani, R. (2023). A GeoNEX-based high-spatiotemporal-resolution product of land surface downward shortwave radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. Earth System Science Data, 15(3), 1419-1436.

GeoNEX Land Surface Temperature (LST):

Jia, A., Liang, S., & Wang, D. (2022). Generating a 2-km, all-sky, hourly land surface temperature product from Advanced Baseline Imager data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 278, 113105.

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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Search Publications for this Site Publications Found: 1

AmeriFlux Publications

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Year	Publication
2019	Stoy, P. C., El-Madany, T. S., Fisher, J. B., Gentine, P., Gerken, T., Good, S. P., Klosterhalfen, A., Liu, S., Miralles, D. G., Perez-Priego, O., Rigden, A. J., Skaggs, T. H., Wohlfahrt, G., Anderson, R. G., Coenders-Gerrits, A. M., Jung, M., Maes, W. H., Mammarella, I., Mauder, M., Migliavacca, M., Nelson, J. A., Poyatos, R., Reichstein, M., Scott, R. L., Wolf, S. (2019) Reviews And Syntheses: Turning The Challenges Of Partitioning Ecosystem Evaporation And Transpiration Into Opportunities, Biogeosciences, 16(19), 3747-3775. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3747-2019

Year

Publication

2019

Stoy, P. C., El-Madany, T. S., Fisher, J. B., Gentine, P., Gerken, T., Good, S. P., Klosterhalfen, A., Liu, S., Miralles, D. G., Perez-Priego, O., Rigden, A. J., Skaggs, T. H., Wohlfahrt, G., Anderson, R. G., Coenders-Gerrits, A. M., Jung, M., Maes, W. H., Mammarella, I., Mauder, M., Migliavacca, M., Nelson, J. A., Poyatos, R., Reichstein, M., Scott, R. L., Wolf, S. (2019) Reviews And Syntheses: Turning The Challenges Of Partitioning Ecosystem Evaporation And Transpiration Into Opportunities, Biogeosciences, 16(19), 3747-3775. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3747-2019

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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BADM for This Site

Access the Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance and Metadata (BADM) information and data for this site.

BADM contain information for many uses, such as characterizing a site’s vegetation and soil, describing disturbance history, and defining instrumentation for flux processing. They complement the flux/met data.

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US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

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Wind Roses

Click an image below to enlarge it, or use the navigation panel.

Image scale: 686m x 686m

Image scale: 1372m x 1372m

Data Collected: 2016 - 2016

Wind roses use variables ‘WS’ and ‘WD’.
Download Data Download Wind Rose as Image File (PNG)

Wind Speed (m/s)

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Annual Annual Average

Mar-Jun 6AM to 6PM 6PM to 6AM

Jun-Sep 6AM to 6PM 6PM to 6AM

Sep-Dec Not available Not available

Dec-Mar Not available Not available

Graph Type

Wind Speed Scale

Wind Direction Scale (%)

Show Satellite Image

Show Wind Rose

Annual Average

About Ameriflux Wind Roses

Wind Rose Explanation

A wind rose gives a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Presented in a circular format, a wind rose shows the frequency and intensity of winds blowing from particular directions. The length of each “spoke” around the circle indicates the amount of time (frequency) that the wind blows from a particular direction. Colors along the spokes indicate categories of wind speed (intensity). Each concentric circle represents a different frequency, emanating from zero at the center to increasing frequencies at the outer circles

Utility

This information can be useful to gain insight into regions surrounding a flux tower that contribute to the measured fluxes, and how those regions change in dependence of the time of day and season. The wind roses presented here are for four periods of the year, and in 16 cardinal directions. Graphics are available for all sites in the AmeriFlux network based on reported wind measurements at each site.

Data from each site can be downloaded by clicking the ‘download’ button.

Hover the cursor over a wind rose to obtain directions, speeds and intensities.

Note that wind roses are not equivalent to flux footprints. Specifically, the term flux footprint describes an upwind area “seen” by the instruments measuring vertical turbulent fluxes, such that heat, water, gas and momentum transport generated in this area is registered by the instruments. Wind roses, on the other hand, identify only the direction and speed of wind.

Where do these data come from?

The wind roses are based on observed hourly data from the sites registered with the AmeriFlux Network.

Parameters for AmeriFlux Wind Roses

To use wind roses for a single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:

Wind Speed Scale: Per Site
Wind Direction Scale (%): Per Site

To compare wind roses from more than one single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:

Wind Speed Scale: Non-Linear
Wind Direction Scale (%): AmeriFlux

Mar - Jun; 6am - 6pm

Mar - Jun; 6pm - 6am

Jun - Sep; 6am - 6pm

Jun - Sep; 6pm - 6am

Sep - Dec; 6am - 6pm

No windrose data is available at this time.

Sep - Dec; 6pm - 6am

No windrose data is available at this time.

Dec - Mar; 6am - 6pm

No windrose data is available at this time.

Dec - Mar; 6pm - 6am

No windrose data is available at this time.

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

DOI(s) for citing US-MSR data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

The US-MSR tower

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

MODIS NDVI

PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data

GeoNEX Data Products

NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation

LST: Land Surface Temperature

Citation

Subset Data Citation:

Relevant Science Publication Citation:

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

BADM for This Site

US-MSR: Montana Sun River winter wheat

Wind Roses

Wind Speed (m/s)

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