CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

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Tower_team:
PI:	Brian Amiro Brian_Amiro@umanitoba.ca - University of Manitoba
AncContact:	Steve Wofsy swofsy@seas.harvard.edu - Harvard University
Lat, Long:	55.8796, -98.4808
Elevation(m):	259
Network Affiliations:	AmeriFlux, Fluxnet-Canada
Vegetation IGBP:	ENF (Evergreen Needleleaf Forests: Lands dominated by woody vegetation with a percent cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Almost all trees remain green all year. Canopy is never without green foliage.)
Climate Koeppen:	Dfc (Subarctic: severe winter, no dry season, cool summer)
Mean Annual Temp (°C):	-3.2
Mean Annual Precip. (mm):	520
Flux Species Measured:	CO2
Years Data Collected:	1994 - 2008
Years Data Available:	AmeriFlux BASE 1994 - 2008 Data Citation
Data Use Policy:	AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy¹
Description:	55.880° N, 98.481° W, elevation of 259 m, Boreal coniferous: Black spruce; occasional larch present in poorly-drained areas. Groundcover is moss (feathermosses ... 55.880° N, 98.481° W, elevation of 259 m, Boreal coniferous: Black spruce; occasional larch present in poorly-drained areas. Groundcover is moss (feathermosses and Sphagnum), Labrador Tea, Vaccinium, and willows are a main component of the understory. It was established in 1993 as a BOREAS site. See More Show Less
URL:	http://daac.ornl.gov/BOREAS/bhs/Sites/NSA-OBS.html
Research Topics:	—
Acknowledgment:	The data collection was funded by many sources, including: the DOE Terrestrial Carbon Program, NASA Terrestrial Ecosystem Program, the Fluxnet Canada Research Network and the Canadian Carbon Program (supported by the Canadian National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences and the BIOCAP Canada Foundation).

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This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if this site’s data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.

CA-Man

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Image Credit: , 2006
Copyright preference: Open use

Site Publication More Site Publications

Year	Publication
2021	Chu, H., Luo, X., Ouyang, Z., Chan, W. S., Dengel, S., Biraud, S. C., Torn, M. S., Metzger, S., Kumar, J., Arain, M. A., Arkebauer, T. J., Baldocchi, D., Bernacchi, C., Billesbach, D., Black, T. A., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Brown, S., Brunsell, N. A., Chen, J., Chen, X., Clark, K., Desai, A. R., Duman, T., Durden, D., Fares, S., Forbrich, I., Gamon, J. A., Gough, C. M., Griffis, T., Helbig, M., Hollinger, D., Humphreys, E., Ikawa, H., Iwata, H., Ju, Y., Knowles, J. F., Knox, S. H., Kobayashi, H., Kolb, T., Law, B., Lee, X., Litvak, M., Liu, H., Munger, J. W., Noormets, A., Novick, K., Oberbauer, S. F., Oechel, W., Oikawa, P., Papuga, S. A., Pendall, E., Prajapati, P., Prueger, J., Quinton, W. L., Richardson, A. D., Russell, E. S., Scott, R. L., Starr, G., Staebler, R., Stoy, P. C., Stuart-Haëntjens, E., Sonnentag, O., Sullivan, R. C., Suyker, A., Ueyama, M., Vargas, R., Wood, J. D., Zona, D. (2021) Representativeness Of Eddy-Covariance Flux Footprints For Areas Surrounding Ameriflux Sites, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 301-302, 108350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108350
2020	Xu, B., Arain, M. A., Black, T. A., Law, B. E., Pastorello, G. Z., Chu, H. (2020) Seasonal Variability Of Forest Sensitivity To Heat And Drought Stresses: A Synthesis Based On Carbon Fluxes From North American Forest Ecosystems, Global Change Biology, 26(2), 901-918. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14843
2018	Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Poindexter, C., Abraha, M., Desai, A. R., Bohrer, G., Arain, M. A., Griffis, T., Blanken, P. D., O'Halloran, T. L., Thomas, R. Q., Zhang, Q., Burns, S. P., Frank, J. M., Christian, D., Brown, S., Black, T. A., Gough, C. M., Law, B. E., Lee, X., Chen, J., Reed, D. E., Massman, W. J., Clark, K., Hatfield, J., Prueger, J., Bracho, R., Baker, J. M., Martin, T. A. (2018) Temporal Dynamics Of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks, Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 9275–9287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306
2018	Baldocchi, D., Penuelas, J. (2018) The Physics And Ecology Of Mining Carbon Dioxide From The Atmosphere By Ecosystems, Global Change Biology, . https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14559
2017	Soloway, A.D., B.D. AMIRO, A.L. Dunn, and S.C. Wofsy. (2017) Carbon neutral or a sink? Uncertainty caused by gapfilling long-term flux measurements for an old-growth boreal black spruce forest., Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 233, 110-121.
2013	Keenan, T. F., Hollinger, D. Y., Bohrer, G., Dragoni, D., Munger, J. W., Schmid, H. P., Richardson, A. D. (2013) Increase In Forest Water-Use Efficiency As Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Rise, Nature, 499(7458), 324-327. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12291
2007	Dunn, A. L., Barford, C. C., Wofsy, S. C., Goulden, M. L., Daube, B. C. (2007) A Long-Term Record Of Carbon Exchange In A Boreal Black Spruce Forest: Means, Responses To Interannual Variability, And Decadal Trends, Global Change Biology, 13(3), 577-590. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01221.x
2007	Bergeron, O., Margolis, H. A., Black, T. A., Coursolle, C., Dunn, A. L., Barr, A. G., Wofsy, S. C. (2007) Comparison Of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes Over Three Boreal Black Spruce Forests In Canada, Global Change Biology, 13(1), 89-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01281.x
2006	Coursolle, C., Margolis, H. A., Barr, A. G., Black, T. A., Amiro, B. D., McCaughey, J. H., Flanagan, L. B., Lafleur, P. M., Roulet, N. T., Bourque, C. P., Arain, M. A., Wofsy, S. C., Dunn, A., Morgenstern, K., Orchansky, A. L., Bernier, P. Y., Chen, J. M., Kidston, J., Saigusa, N., Hedstrom, N. (2006) Late-Summer Carbon Fluxes From Canadian Forests And Peatlands Along An East-West Continental Transect, Canadian Journal Of Forest Research, 36(3), 783-800. https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-270
2004	Bond-Lamberty, B., Wang, C., Gower, S. T. (2004) A Global Relationship Between The Heterotrophic And Autotrophic Components Of Soil Respiration?, Global Change Biology, 10(10), 1756-1766. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00816.x
2004	Bakwin, P. S., Davis, K. J., Yi, C., Wofsy, S. C., Munger, J. W., Haszpra, L., Barcza, Z. (2004) Regional Carbon Dioxide Fluxes From Mixing Ratio Data, Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 56(4), 301-311. https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v56i4.16446
2004	Hirsch, A. I., Trumbore, S. E., Goulden, M. L. (2004) The Surface CO2 Gradient And Pore-Space Storage Flux In A High-Porosity Litter Layer, Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 56(4), 312-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2004.00113.x
2004	Bond-Lamberty, B., Wang, C., Gower, S. T. (2004) Net Primary Production And Net Ecosystem Production Of A Boreal Black Spruce Wildfire Chronosequence, Global Change Biology, 10(4), 473-487. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.0742.x
2003	Wang, C., Bond-Lamberty, B., Gower, S. T. (2003) Carbon Distribution Of A Well- And Poorly-Drained Black Spruce Fire Chronosequence, Global Change Biology, 9(7), 1066-1079. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00645.x
2002	Bond-Lamberty, B., Wang, C., Gower, S. T., Norman, J. (2002) Leaf Area Dynamics Of A Boreal Black Spruce Fire Chronosequence, Tree Physiology, 22(14), 993-1001. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/22.14.993
2001	Gower, S. T., Krankina, O., Olson, R. J., Apps, M., Linder, S., Wang, C. (2001) Net Primary Production And Carbon Allocation Patterns Of Boreal Forest Ecosystems, Ecological Applications, 11(5), 1395-1411. https://doi.org/10.2307/3060928
2001	Nakamura, R., Mahrt, L. (2001) Similarity Theory For Local And Spatially Averaged Momentum Fluxes, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 108(4), 265-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(01)00250-7
2000	Nichol, C. J., Huemmrich, K. F., Black, T., Jarvis, P. G., Walthall, C. L., Grace, J., Hall, F. G. (2000) Remote Sensing Of Photosynthetic-Light-Use Efficiency Of Boreal Forest, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 101(2-3), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(99)00167-7
1999	Amiro, B., MacPherson, J. I., Desjardins, R. L. (1999) Boreas Flight Measurements Of Forest-Fire Effects On Carbon Dioxide And Energy Fluxes, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 96(4), 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(99)00050-7
1999	Reich, P. B., Turner, D. P., Bolstad, P. (1999) An Approach To Spatially Distributed Modeling Of Net Primary Production (NPP) At The Landscape Scale And Its Application In Validation Of EOS NPP Products, Remote Sensing Of Environment, 70(1), 69-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4257(99)00058-9
1999	Kucharik, C. J., Norman, J. M., Gower, S. T. (1999) Characterization Of Radiation Regimes In Nonrandom Forest Canopies: Theory, Measurements, And A Simplified Modeling Approach, Tree Physiology, 19(11), 695-706. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/19.11.695
1999	Joiner, D. W., McCaughey, J. H., Lafleur, P. M., Bartlett, P. A. (1999) Water And Carbon Dioxide Exchange At A Boreal Young Jack Pine Forest In The BOREAS Northern Study Area, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 104(D22), 27641-27652. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jd900368
1997	Kimball, J. S., Thornton, P. E., White, M. A., Running, S. W. (1997) Simulating Forest Productivity And Surface-Atmosphere Carbon Exchange In The BOREAS Study Region, Tree Physiology, 17(8-9), 589-599. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.589
1997	Steele, S. J., Gower, S. T., Vogel, J. G., Norman, J. M. (1997) Root Mass, Net Primary Production And Turnover In Aspen, Jack Pine And Black Spruce Forests In Saskatchewan And Manitoba, Canada, Tree Physiology, 17(8-9), 577-587. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.577
1997	Dang, Q., Margolis, H. A., Coyea, M. R., Sy, M., Collatz, G. J. (1997) Regulation Of Branch-Level Gas Exchange Of Boreal Trees: Roles Of Shoot Water Potential And Vapor Pressure Difference, Tree Physiology, 17(8-9), 521-535. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.521
1997	Lavigne, M. B., Ryan, M. G. (1997) Growth And Maintenance Respiration Rates Of Aspen, Black Spruce And Jack Pine Stems At Northern And Southern BOREAS Sites, Tree Physiology, 17(8-9), 543-551. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.543
1997	Margolis, H. A., Ryan, M. G. (1997) A Physiological Basis For Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions In The Boreal Forest: An Overview, Tree Physiology, 17(8-9), 491-499. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.8-9.491
1997	Gower, S. T., Vogel, J. G., Norman, J. M., Kucharik, C. J., Steele, S. J., Stow, T. K. (1997) Carbon Distribution And Aboveground Net Primary Production In Aspen, Jack Pine, And Black Spruce Stands In Saskatchewan And Manitoba, Canada, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 102(D24), 29029-29041. https://doi.org/10.1029/97jd02317
1997	Brooks, J. R., Flanagan, L. B., Varney, G. T., Ehleringer, J. R. (1997) Vertical Gradients In Photosynthetic Gas Exchange Characteristics And Refixation Of Respired CO2 Within Boreal Forest Canopies, Tree Physiology, 17(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.1.1

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

DOI(s) for citing CA-Man data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

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CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

Landscape CA-Man

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Ca-Man understorey

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CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

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CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

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CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

DOI(s) for citing CA-Man data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

Landscape CA-Man

Tower Ca-Man

Ca-Man understorey

Ca-Man forest view

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

MODIS NDVI

PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data

GeoNEX Data Products

NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation

LST: Land Surface Temperature

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CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

BADM for This Site

CA-Man: Manitoba - Northern Old Black Spruce (former BOREAS Northern Study Area)

Wind Roses

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