Tower_team:
PI:	Ralf Staebler Ralf.Staebler@ec.gc.ca - Environment and Climate Change Canada
Lat, Long:	44.3184, -79.9341
Elevation(m):	210.00
Network Affiliations:	AmeriFlux, Fluxnet-Canada
Vegetation IGBP:	DBF (Deciduous Broadleaf Forests: Lands dominated by woody vegetation with a percent cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Consists of broadleaf tree communities with an annual cycle of leaf-on and leaf-off periods.)
Climate Koeppen:	Dfb (Warm Summer Continental: significant precipitation in all seasons )
Mean Annual Temp (°C):	6.66
Mean Annual Precip. (mm):	876.34
Flux Species Measured:	CO2, H, H2O
Years Data Collected:	1995 - Present
Years Data Available:	AmeriFlux BASE 1994 - 2020 Data Citation AmeriFlux FLUXNET 1994 - 2020 Data Citation
Data Use Policy:	AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy¹
Description:	Mixed deciduous forest from natural regrowth.
URL:	https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/air-pollution/research-science/applications/borden-forest-station.html
Research Topics:	—
Acknowledgment:	—

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CA-Cbo

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DOI(s) for citing CA-Cbo data

Data Use Policy: AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 License

This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if CA-Cbo data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.

AmeriFlux BASE: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1498755
Citation: Ralf Staebler (2022), AmeriFlux BASE CA-Cbo Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site, Ver. 6-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1498755
AmeriFlux FLUXNET: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1854365
Citation: Ralf Staebler (2022), AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F CA-Cbo Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site, Ver. 3-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1854365

Find global FLUXNET datasets, like FLUXNET2015 and FLUXNET-CH4, and their citation information at fluxnet.org.

To cite BADM when downloaded on their own, use the publications below for citing site characterization. When using BADM that are downloaded with AmeriFlux BASE and AmeriFlux FLUXNET products, use the DOI citation for the associated data product.

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

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Acknowledgments

—

Resources

AmeriFlux Logos & Acknowledgments

This page displays the list of downloads of data for the site CA-Cbo.

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Search Images for this Site Images found : 3

AmeriFlux Images

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Borden Tower
Keywords: —
**Site ID:** CA-Cbo
**Location:** Ontario, Canada
—
**Journal:** —
**Article Title:** —
**Copyright Permissions:** —
**Right to Use:** As long as credit is given

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The Borden Tower
Keywords: —
**Site ID:** CA-Cbo
**Location:**
—
**Journal:** —
**Article Title:** —
**Copyright Permissions:** —
**Right to Use:** Open use

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MODIS NDVI

The time series shows the 16-day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) average from the MOD13Q1 data product.
Use the slider below the time series to zoom in and out.

Includes all pixels that have acceptable quality

To view / download these data and other MOD13Q1 products for this site, visit MODIS/Terra Vegetation Indices.

For other related products, visit MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.

Citation:

ORNL DAAC. 2018. Terrestrial Ecology Subsetting & Visualization Services (TESViS) Fixed Sites Subsets. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1567

Read more on how to cite these MODIS products. Data come from NASA’s MODIS instruments installed on satellites Terra and Aqua, which scan the entire Earth’s surface every one to two days.

MODIS NDVI subsetted data is not yet available for this site.

For a complete list of AmeriFlux sites, visit ORNL DAAC's MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.

PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data

PhenoCams are high-resolution digital cameras that take repeated images of studied ecosystems and provide quantitative information about the canopy phenology. The PhenoCam Network coordinates the camera installation and data reporting/analyses across sites in the Americas, providing automated, near-surface remote sensing of canopy phenology across a range of ecosystems and climate zones. Use of PhenoCam images / data should follow the PhenoCam Data Use Policy .

No PhenoCam data for this site

GeoNEX Data Products

GeoNEX led by NASA Earth eXchange (NEX) is a collaborative effort for generating Earth monitoring products from the new generation of geostationary satellite sensors. GeoNEX has produced a suite of geostationary data products including surface reflectance, land surface temperature, surface solar radiation, and many others.

The GeoNEX Common Grid locates GeoNEX data in the geographic (latitude/longitude) projection. Pixels (grid cells) are created at regular 0.005°, 0.01°, and 0.02° resolutions.

GeoNEX pixels below cover the area 0.06° x 0.06° around and including site CA-Cbo, 44.3184, -79.9341.

Click a square in the grid at left to display its data below.

Coordinates for selected GeoNEX Pixel

Graph controls:

Zoom: click-drag
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Use the slider below the time series to zoom in and out.

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NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

No NDVI data have been received for site CA-Cbo.

NDVI (unitless)

Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & 10 minutes

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NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

No NIRv data have been received for site CA-Cbo.

NIRv (unitless)

Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & 10 minutes

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DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation

No DSR data have been received for site CA-Cbo.

Shortwave Radiation (W/m2)

Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & Hourly

Coordinates for pixel:

LST: Land Surface Temperature

No LST data have been received for site CA-Cbo.

LST (K)

Resolution: 0.02° x 0.02° & Hourly

Coordinates for pixel:

Citation

This material can be used without obtaining permission from NASA. NASA should be acknowledged as the source of this material.

Subset Data Citation:

Hashimoto, H., Wang, W., Park, T., Khajehei, S., Ichii, K., Michaelis, A.R., Guzman, A., Nemani, R.R., Torn, M., Yi, K., Brosnan, I.G. (in preparation). Subsets of geostationary satellite data over international observing network sites for studying the diurnal dynamics of energy, carbon, and water cycles.

Relevant Science Publication Citation:

GeoNEX Surface Reflectance for Vegetation Indices (NDVI & NIRv)

Wang, W., Wang, Y., Lyapustin, A., Hashimoto, H., Park, T., Michaelis, A., & Nemani, R. (2022). A novel atmospheric correction algorithm to exploit the diurnal variability in hypertemporal geostationary observations. Remote Sensing, 14(4), 964.

GeoNEX Surface Downward Solar Radiation (DSR):

Li, R., Wang, D., Wang, W., & Nemani, R. (2023). A GeoNEX-based high-spatiotemporal-resolution product of land surface downward shortwave radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. Earth System Science Data, 15(3), 1419-1436.

GeoNEX Land Surface Temperature (LST):

Jia, A., Liang, S., & Wang, D. (2022). Generating a 2-km, all-sky, hourly land surface temperature product from Advanced Baseline Imager data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 278, 113105.

Search Publications for this Site Publications Found: 19

AmeriFlux Publications

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Year	Publication
2021	Chu, H., Luo, X., Ouyang, Z., Chan, W. S., Dengel, S., Biraud, S. C., Torn, M. S., Metzger, S., Kumar, J., Arain, M. A., Arkebauer, T. J., Baldocchi, D., Bernacchi, C., Billesbach, D., Black, T. A., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Brown, S., Brunsell, N. A., Chen, J., Chen, X., Clark, K., Desai, A. R., Duman, T., Durden, D., Fares, S., Forbrich, I., Gamon, J. A., Gough, C. M., Griffis, T., Helbig, M., Hollinger, D., Humphreys, E., Ikawa, H., Iwata, H., Ju, Y., Knowles, J. F., Knox, S. H., Kobayashi, H., Kolb, T., Law, B., Lee, X., Litvak, M., Liu, H., Munger, J. W., Noormets, A., Novick, K., Oberbauer, S. F., Oechel, W., Oikawa, P., Papuga, S. A., Pendall, E., Prajapati, P., Prueger, J., Quinton, W. L., Richardson, A. D., Russell, E. S., Scott, R. L., Starr, G., Staebler, R., Stoy, P. C., Stuart-Haëntjens, E., Sonnentag, O., Sullivan, R. C., Suyker, A., Ueyama, M., Vargas, R., Wood, J. D., Zona, D. (2021) Representativeness Of Eddy-Covariance Flux Footprints For Areas Surrounding Ameriflux Sites, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 301-302, 108350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108350
2020	Rogers, C. A., Chen, J. M., Zheng, T., Croft, H., Gonsamo, A., Luo, X., Staebler, R. M. (2020) The Response Of Spectral Vegetation Indices And Solar‐Induced Fluorescence To Changes In Illumination Intensity And Geometry In The Days Surrounding The 2017 North American Solar Eclipse, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 125(10), . https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005774
2020	Moon, Z., Fuentes, J. D., Staebler, R. M. (2020) Impacts Of Spectrally Resolved Irradiance On Photolysis Frequency Calculations Within A Forest Canopy, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 291, 108012. https://doi.org//10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108012
2019	Santos, M., Santos, E., Wagner-Riddle, C., Brown, S., Stropes, K., Staebler, R., Nippert, J. (2019) Evaluating A Lagrangian Inverse Model For Inferring Isotope Co2 Exchange In Plant Canopies, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 276-277, 107651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107651
2018	Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Poindexter, C., Abraha, M., Desai, A. R., Bohrer, G., Arain, M. A., Griffis, T., Blanken, P. D., O'Halloran, T. L., Thomas, R. Q., Zhang, Q., Burns, S. P., Frank, J. M., Christian, D., Brown, S., Black, T. A., Gough, C. M., Law, B. E., Lee, X., Chen, J., Reed, D. E., Massman, W. J., Clark, K., Hatfield, J., Prueger, J., Bracho, R., Baker, J. M., Martin, T. A. (2018) Temporal Dynamics Of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks, Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 9275–9287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306
2018	Luo, X., Croft, H., Chen, J. M., Bartlett, P., Staebler, R., Froelich, N. (2018) Incorporating Leaf Chlorophyll Content Into A Two-Leaf Terrestrial Biosphere Model For Estimating Carbon And Water Fluxes At A Forest Site, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 248, 156-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.09.012
2018	Luo, X., Croft, H., Chen, J. M., Bartlett, P., Staebler, R., Froelich, N. (2018) Incorporating Leaf Chlorophyll Content Into A Two-Leaf Terrestrial Biosphere Model For Estimating Carbon And Water Fluxes At A Forest Site, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 248, 156-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.09.012
2015	Froelich,N.J., Croft,H., Gonsamo,A., Staebler,R.M. (2015) Trends of carbon fluxes and climate over a mixed temperate–boreal transition forest in southern Ontario, Canada, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 211, 72-84.
2015	Croft, H., Chen, J. M., Froelich, N. J., Chen, B., Staebler, R. M. (2015) Seasonal Controls Of Canopy Chlorophyll Content On Forest Carbon Uptake: Implications For Gpp Modeling, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 120(8), 1576-1586. https://doi.org//10.1002/2015JG002980
2015	Croft, H., Chen, J. M., Froelich, N. J., Chen, B., Staebler, R. M. (2015) Seasonal Controls Of Canopy Chlorophyll Content On Forest Carbon Uptake: Implications For Gpp Modeling, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 120(8), 1576-1586. https://doi.org//10.1002/2015JG002980
2002	Barr, A. G., Griffis, T. J., Black, T. A., Lee, X., Staebler, R. M., Fuentes, J. D., Chen, Z., Morgenstern, K. (2002) Comparing The Carbon Budgets Of Boreal And Temperate Deciduous Forest Stands, Canadian Journal Of Forest Research, 32(5), 813-822. https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-131
1999	Lee, X., Fuentes, J. D., Staebler, R. M., Neumann, H. H. (1999) Long-Term Observation Of The Atmospheric Exchange Of CO2 With A Temperate Deciduous Forest In Southern Ontario, Canada, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 104(D13), 15975-15984. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jd900227
1999	Gu, L., Fuentes, J. D., Shugart, H. H., Staebler, R. M., Black, T. A. (1999) Responses Of Net Ecosystem Exchanges Of Carbon Dioxide To Changes In Cloudiness: Results From Two North American Deciduous Forests, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 104(D24), 31421-31434. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jd901068
1999	Makar, P. A., Fuentes, J. D., Wang, D., Staebler, R. M., Wiebe, H. A. (1999) Chemical Processing Of Biogenic Hydrocarbons Within And Above A Temperate Deciduous Forest, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 104(D3), 3581-3603. https://doi.org/10.1029/1998jd100065
1999	Fuentes, J. D., Wang, D. (1999) On The Seasonality Of Isoprene Emissions From A Mixed Temperate Forest, Ecological Applications, 9(4), 1118-1131. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[1118:otsoie]2.0.co;2
1998	Lee, X., Barr, A. G. (1998) Climatology Of Gravity Waves In A Forest, Quarterly Journal Of The Royal Meteorological Society, 124(549), 1403-1419. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712454904
1996	Lee, X., Black, T., den Hartog, G., Neumann, H. H., Nesic, Z., Olejnik, J. (1996) Carbon Dioxide Exchange And Nocturnal Processes Over A Mixed Deciduous Forest, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 81(1-2), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(95)02310-0
1995	Fuentes, J., Wang, D., Den Hartog, G., Neumann, H., Dann, T., Puckett, K. (1995) Modelled And Field Measurements Of Biogenic Hydrocarbon Emissions From A Canadian Deciduous Forest, Atmospheric Environment, 29(21), 3003-3017. https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00120-n
1992	Fuentes, J., Gillespie, T., den Hartog, G., Neumann, H. (1992) Ozone Deposition Onto A Deciduous Forest During Dry And Wet Conditions, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 62(1-2), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1923(92)90002-l

BADM for This Site

Access the Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance and Metadata (BADM) information and data for this site.

BADM contain information for many uses, such as characterizing a site’s vegetation and soil, describing disturbance history, and defining instrumentation for flux processing. They complement the flux/met data.

Download BADM for this site^*

View Site General Info for this site (Overview tab)^*

Use Online Editor to update Site General Info or DOI Authorship

Update information about submitted data (Variable Information tool)

More BADM resources

^* Online updates are shown on the Overview tab real time. However, downloaded BADM files will not reflect those updates until they have been reviewed for QA/QC.

Wind Roses

Click an image below to enlarge it, or use the navigation panel.

Image scale: 726m x 726m

Image scale: 1452m x 1452m

Data Collected: 1994 - 2012

Wind roses use variables ‘WS’ and ‘WD’.
Download Data Download Wind Rose as Image File (PNG)

Wind Speed (m/s)

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Jun-Sep 6AM to 6PM 6PM to 6AM

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Dec-Mar 6AM to 6PM 6PM to 6AM

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Wind Direction Scale (%)

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About Ameriflux Wind Roses

Wind Rose Explanation

A wind rose gives a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Presented in a circular format, a wind rose shows the frequency and intensity of winds blowing from particular directions. The length of each “spoke” around the circle indicates the amount of time (frequency) that the wind blows from a particular direction. Colors along the spokes indicate categories of wind speed (intensity). Each concentric circle represents a different frequency, emanating from zero at the center to increasing frequencies at the outer circles

Utility

This information can be useful to gain insight into regions surrounding a flux tower that contribute to the measured fluxes, and how those regions change in dependence of the time of day and season. The wind roses presented here are for four periods of the year, and in 16 cardinal directions. Graphics are available for all sites in the AmeriFlux network based on reported wind measurements at each site.

Data from each site can be downloaded by clicking the ‘download’ button.

Hover the cursor over a wind rose to obtain directions, speeds and intensities.

Note that wind roses are not equivalent to flux footprints. Specifically, the term flux footprint describes an upwind area “seen” by the instruments measuring vertical turbulent fluxes, such that heat, water, gas and momentum transport generated in this area is registered by the instruments. Wind roses, on the other hand, identify only the direction and speed of wind.

Where do these data come from?

The wind roses are based on observed hourly data from the sites registered with the AmeriFlux Network.

Parameters for AmeriFlux Wind Roses

To use wind roses for a single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:

Wind Speed Scale: Per Site
Wind Direction Scale (%): Per Site

To compare wind roses from more than one single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:

Wind Speed Scale: Non-Linear
Wind Direction Scale (%): AmeriFlux

Mar - Jun; 6am - 6pm

Mar - Jun; 6pm - 6am

Jun - Sep; 6am - 6pm

Jun - Sep; 6pm - 6am

Sep - Dec; 6am - 6pm

Sep - Dec; 6pm - 6am

Dec - Mar; 6am - 6pm

Dec - Mar; 6pm - 6am

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

DOI(s) for citing CA-Cbo data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

Not Found

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

Borden Tower

Borden tower

The Borden Tower

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

BADM for This Site

CA-Cbo: Ontario - Mixed Deciduous, Borden Forest Site

Wind Roses

Wind Speed (m/s)

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