US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

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Tower_team:
PI:	Dennis Baldocchi Baldocchi@berkeley.edu - University of California, Berkeley
DataManager:	Joe Verfaillie jverfail@berkeley.edu - University of California, Berkeley
Technician:	Daphne Szutu daphneszutu@berkeley.edu - UC Berkeley
Lat, Long:	38.4309, -120.9660
Elevation(m):	177
Network Affiliations:	AmeriFlux, Phenocam
Vegetation IGBP:	WSA (Woody Savannas: Lands with herbaceous and other understory systems, and with forest canopy cover between 30-60%. The forest cover height exceeds 2 meters.)
Climate Koeppen:	Csa (Mediterranean: mild with dry, hot summer)
Mean Annual Temp (°C):	15.8
Mean Annual Precip. (mm):	559
Flux Species Measured:	CO2, H2O
Years Data Collected:	2001 - Present
Years Data Available:	AmeriFlux BASE 2001 - 2024 Data Citation AmeriFlux FLUXNET 2001 - 2023 Data Citation
Data Use Policy:	AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy¹
Description:	Located in the lower foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Tonzi Ranch site is classified as an oak savanna woodland on privately owned land. Managed ... Located in the lower foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Tonzi Ranch site is classified as an oak savanna woodland on privately owned land. Managed by local rancher, Russell Tonzi, brush has been periodically removed for cattle grazing. The overstory is dominated by blue oak trees (40% of total vegetation) with intermittent grey pine trees (3 trees/ha). Understory species include a variety of grasses and herbs, including purple false brome, smooth cat's ear, and rose clover. These two distinctive layers operate in and out from one another. Growing season of the understory is confined to the wet season only, typically from October to early May. In contrast, the deciduous blue oak trees are dormant during the rainy winter months and reach maximum LAI in April. The blue oak ecosystem rings the Great Central Valley of California, inhabiting the lower reaches of the Sierra Nevada foothills. See More Show Less
URL:	http://nature.berkeley.edu/biometlab/sites.php?tab=US-Ton
Research Topics:	The research approach of the University of California, Berkeley Biometeorology Laboratory involves the coordinated use of experimental measurements and ... The research approach of the University of California, Berkeley Biometeorology Laboratory involves the coordinated use of experimental measurements and theoretical models to understand the physical, biological, and chemical processes that control trace gas fluxes between the biosphere and atmosphere and to quantify their temporal and spatial variations. The research objectives of the Tonzi Ranch site include the following: 1) Comparing radiative, convective and latent energy flux densities of an oak savanna and nearby annual grassland over the course of two growing seasons; 2) Quantifying the roles of soil water content and soil physical properties on evaporation rates and canopy conductance; 3) Quantifying the effects of canopy structure and phenology on the partitioning of energy exchange associated with understory and overstory vegetation. Three-fold study assessments include: 1) The relative contributions of vegetation and the soil on CO2 and water vapor exchange; 2) Spatial variability of understory fluxes; 3) The impact of sloping terrain on the interpretation of flux covariances. See More Show Less
Acknowledgment:	This research was supported by the US Department of Energy Terrestrial Carbon Program, grant No. DE-FG03-00ER63013 and DE-SC0005130
	This research was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER63638

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US-Ton

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Image Credit: Dennis Baldocchi, 03/01/2006
Copyright preference: Open use

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Ma, S, Baldocchi, D.D., Wolf, S., Verfaillie, J. 2016. Slow ecosystem responses conditionally regulate annual carbon balance over 15 years in Californian oak-grass savanna, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, , 252-264.

Year	Publication
2021	Chu, H., Luo, X., Ouyang, Z., Chan, W. S., Dengel, S., Biraud, S. C., Torn, M. S., Metzger, S., Kumar, J., Arain, M. A., Arkebauer, T. J., Baldocchi, D., Bernacchi, C., Billesbach, D., Black, T. A., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Brown, S., Brunsell, N. A., Chen, J., Chen, X., Clark, K., Desai, A. R., Duman, T., Durden, D., Fares, S., Forbrich, I., Gamon, J. A., Gough, C. M., Griffis, T., Helbig, M., Hollinger, D., Humphreys, E., Ikawa, H., Iwata, H., Ju, Y., Knowles, J. F., Knox, S. H., Kobayashi, H., Kolb, T., Law, B., Lee, X., Litvak, M., Liu, H., Munger, J. W., Noormets, A., Novick, K., Oberbauer, S. F., Oechel, W., Oikawa, P., Papuga, S. A., Pendall, E., Prajapati, P., Prueger, J., Quinton, W. L., Richardson, A. D., Russell, E. S., Scott, R. L., Starr, G., Staebler, R., Stoy, P. C., Stuart-Haëntjens, E., Sonnentag, O., Sullivan, R. C., Suyker, A., Ueyama, M., Vargas, R., Wood, J. D., Zona, D. (2021) Representativeness Of Eddy-Covariance Flux Footprints For Areas Surrounding Ameriflux Sites, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 301-302, 108350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108350
2021	Baldocchi, D., Ma, S., Verfaillie, J. (2021) On The Inter‐ And Intra‐Annual Variability Of Ecosystem Evapotranspiration And Water Use Efficiency Of An Oak Savanna And Annual Grassland Subjected To Booms And Busts In Rainfall, Global Change Biology, 27(2), 359-375. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15414
2020	Braghiere, R. K., Quaife, T., Black, E., Ryu, Y., Chen, Q., De Kauwe, M. G., Baldocchi, D. (2020) Influence Of Sun Zenith Angle On Canopy Clumping And The Resulting Impacts On Photosynthesis, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 291, 108065. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108065
2020	Baldocchi, D. D., Ryu, Y., Dechant, B., Eichelmann, E., Hemes, K., Ma, S., Sanchez, C. R., Shortt, R., Szutu, D., Valach, A., Verfaillie, J., Badgley, G., Zeng, Y., Berry, J. A. (2020) Outgoing Near‐Infrared Radiation From Vegetation Scales With Canopy Photosynthesis Across A Spectrum Of Function, Structure, Physiological Capacity, And Weather, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 125(7), . https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jg005534
2020	Ma, S., Eichelmann, E., Wolf, S., Rey-Sanchez, C., Baldocchi, D. D. (2020) Transpiration And Evaporation In A Californian Oak-Grass Savanna: Field Measurements And Partitioning Model Results, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 295, 108204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108204
2019	Sullivan, R. C., Cook, D. R., Ghate, V. P., Kotamarthi, V. R., Feng, Y. (2019) Improved Spatiotemporal Representativeness And Bias Reduction Of Satellite-Based Evapotranspiration Retrievals Via Use Of In Situ Meteorology And Constrained Canopy Surface Resistance, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 124(2), 342-352. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004744
2019	Sullivan, R. C., Kotamarthi, V. R., Feng, Y. (2019) Recovering Evapotranspiration Trends From Biased CMIP5 Simulations And Sensitivity To Changing Climate Over North America, Journal Of Hydrometeorology, 20(8), 1619-1633. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-18-0259.1
2019	Zhang, Q., Ficklin, D. L., Manzoni, S., Wang, L., Way, D., Phillips, R. P., Novick, K. A. (2019) Response Of Ecosystem Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency And Gross Primary Productivity To Rising Vapor Pressure Deficit, Environmental Research Letters, 14(7), 074023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2603
2019	Novick, K. A., Konings, A. G., Gentine, P. (2019) Beyond Soil Water Potential: An Expanded View On Isohydricity Including Land–Atmosphere Interactions And Phenology, Plant, Cell & Environment, 42(6), 1802-1815. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13517
2019	Sadeghi, M., Tuller, M., Warrick, A. W., Babaeian, E., Parajuli, K., Gohardoust, M. R., Jones, S. B. (2019) An Analytical Model For Estimation of Land Surface Net Water Flux From Near-Surface Soil Moisture Observations, Journal of Hydrology, 570, 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.038
2018	Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Poindexter, C., Abraha, M., Desai, A. R., Bohrer, G., Arain, M. A., Griffis, T., Blanken, P. D., O'Halloran, T. L., Thomas, R. Q., Zhang, Q., Burns, S. P., Frank, J. M., Christian, D., Brown, S., Black, T. A., Gough, C. M., Law, B. E., Lee, X., Chen, J., Reed, D. E., Massman, W. J., Clark, K., Hatfield, J., Prueger, J., Bracho, R., Baker, J. M., Martin, T. A. (2018) Temporal Dynamics Of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks, Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 9275–9287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306
2018	Baldocchi, D., Penuelas, J. (2018) The Physics And Ecology Of Mining Carbon Dioxide From The Atmosphere By Ecosystems, Global Change Biology, . https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14559
2017	Wharton, S., Ma, S., Baldocchi, D.D., Falk, M., Newman, J.F., Osuna, J.L, Bible, K. (2017) Influence of regional nighttime atmospheric regimes on canopy turbulence and gradients at a closed and open forest in mountain-valley terrain, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 237–238, 18-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.01.020
2017	Ma, S., Osuna, J. L., Verfaillie, J., Baldocchi, D. D. (2017) Photosynthetic Responses To Temperature Across Leaf–Canopy–Ecosystem Scales: A 15-Year Study In A Californian Oak-Grass Savanna, Photosynthesis Research, 132(3), 277-291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-017-0388-5
2017	Filippa, G, Cremonesea, E, Migliavacca M., Galvagno, M., Sonnentag, O., Humphrey, E., Hufkens,K., Ryu, Y. Verfaillie, J., Morra di Cella, U., Richardson, A. (2017) NDVI derived from near-infrared-enabled digital cameras: Applicability across different plant functional types, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, . https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.11.003
2017	Liu, Y., Hill, M. J., Zhang, X., Wang, Z., Richardson, A. D., Hufkens, K., Filippa, G., Baldocchi, D. D., Ma, S., Verfaillie, J., Schaaf, C. B. (2017) Using Data From Landsat, Modis, Viirs And Phenocams To Monitor The Phenology Of California Oak/Grass Savanna And Open Grassland Across Spatial Scales, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 237-238, 311-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.02.026
2016	Ma, S, Baldocchi, D.D., Wolf, S., Verfaillie, J. (2016) Slow ecosystem responses conditionally regulate annual carbon balance over 15 years in Californian oak-grass savanna, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 252-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.07.016
2016	Wang, J., X. M. Xiao, P. Wagle, S. Y. Ma, D. Baldocchi, A. Carrara, Y. Zhang, J. W. Dong, and Y. W. Qin. (2016) Canopy and climate controls of gross primary production of Mediterranean-type deciduous and evergreen oak savannas., Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 226, 132-147. https://doi.org/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.05.020
2016	Wolf, S., Keenan, T.F., Fisher, J.B., Baldocchi, D.D., Desai, A.R., Richardson, A.D., Scott, R.L., Law, B.E., Litvak, M.E., Brunsell, N.A., Peters, W., van der Laan-Luijkx, I.T. (2016) Warm spring reduced carbon cycle impact of the 2012 US summer drought, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(21), 5880-5885. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519620113
2016	Novick, K. A., Ficklin, D. L., Stoy, P. C., Williams, C. A., Bohrer, G., Oishi, A., Papuga, S. A., Blanken, P. D., Noormets, A., Sulman, B. N., Scott, R. L., Wang, L., Phillips, R. P. (2016) The Increasing Importance Of Atmospheric Demand For Ecosystem Water And Carbon Fluxes, Nature Climate Change, 6(11), 1023-1027. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3114
2015	Dennis Baldocchi, Cove Sturtevant (2015) Does day and night sampling reduce spurious correlation between canopy photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration?, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 207, 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.03.010
2014	Matheny, A. M., Bohrer, G., Stoy, P. C., Baker, I. T., Black, A. T., Desai, A. R., Dietze, M. C., Gough, C. M., Ivanov, V. Y., Jassal, R. S., Novick, K. A., Schäfer, K. V., Verbeeck, H. (2014) Characterizing The Diurnal Patterns of Errors in The Prediction of Evapotranspiration by Several Land-Surface Models: An Nacp Analysis, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 119(7), 1458-1473. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002623
2013	Raz-Yaseef, N., Koteen, L., Baldocchi, D. D. (2013) Coarse Root Distribution Of A Semi-Arid Oak Savanna Estimated With Ground Penetrating Radar, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 118(1), 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jg002160
2013	Barr, A., Richardson, A., Hollinger, D., Papale, D., Arain, M., Black, T., Bohrer, G., Dragoni, D., Fischer, M., Gu, L., Law, B., Margolis, H., McCaughey, J., Munger, J., Oechel, W., Schaeffer, K. (2013) Use Of Change-Point Detection For Friction–Velocity Threshold Evaluation In Eddy-Covariance Studies, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 171-172, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.11.023
2012	Kobayashi, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Ryu, Y., Chen, Q., Ma, S., Osuna, J. L., Ustin, S. L. (2012) Modeling Energy And Carbon Fluxes In A Heterogeneous Oak Woodland: A Three-Dimensional Approach, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 152, 83-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.09.008
2011	Ma, S., Baldocchi, D. D., Mambelli, S., Dawson, T. E. (2011) Are Temporal Variations Of Leaf Traits Responsible For Seasonal And Inter-Annual Variability In Ecosystem CO2 Exchange?, Functional Ecology, 25(1), 258-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01779.x
2010	Ryu, Y., Sonnentag, O., Nilson, T., Vargas, R., Kobayashi, H., Wenk, R., Baldocchi, D. D. (2010) How To Quantify Tree Leaf Area Index In An Open Savanna Ecosystem: A Multi-Instrument And Multi-Model Approach, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 150(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.08.007
2010	Miller, G. R., Chen, X., Rubin, Y., Ma, S., Baldocchi, D. D. (2010) Groundwater Uptake By Woody Vegetation In A Semiarid Oak Savanna, Water Resources Research, 46(10), n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009wr008902
2010	Curiel Yuste, J., Ma, S., Baldocchi, D. D. (2010) Plant-Soil Interactions And Acclimation To Temperature Of Microbial-Mediated Soil Respiration May Affect Predictions Of Soil CO2 Efflux, Biogeochemistry, 98(1-3), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9381-1
2010	Ryu, Y., Nilson, T., Kobayashi, H., Sonnentag, O., Law, B. E., Baldocchi, D. D. (2010) On The Correct Estimation Of Effective Leaf Area Index: Does It Reveal Information On Clumping Effects?, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 150(3), 463-472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.01.009
2010	Baldocchi, D. D., Ma, S., Rambal, S., Misson, L., Ourcival, J., Limousin, J., Pereira, J., Papale, D. (2010) On The Differential Advantages Of Evergreenness And Deciduousness In Mediterranean Oak Woodlands: A Flux Perspective, Ecological Applications, 20(6), 1583-1597. https://doi.org/10.1890/08-2047.1
2010	Baldocchi, D., Chen, Q., Chen, X., Ma, S., Miller, G., Ryu, Y., Xiao, J., Wenk, R., Battles, J. (2010) The Dynamics Of Energy, Water, And Carbon Fluxes In A Blue Oak (Quercus Douglasii) Savanna In California, Ecosystem Function In Savannas, 135-151. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10275-10
2008	Chen, X., Rubin, Y., Ma, S., Baldocchi, D. (2008) Observations And Stochastic Modeling Of Soil Moisture Control On Evapotranspiration In A Californian Oak Savanna, Water Resources Research, 44(8), n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007wr006646
2008	Chen, Q., Baldocchi, D., Gong, P., Dawson, T. (2008) Modeling Radiation And Photosynthesis Of A Heterogeneous Savanna Woodland Landscape With A Hierarchy Of Model Complexities, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 148(6-7), 1005-1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.020
2007	Chen, Q., Gong, P., Baldocchi, D., Xie, G. (2007) Filtering Airborne Laser Scanning Data With Morphological Methods, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 73(2), 175-185. https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.73.2.175
2007	Fisher, J. B., Baldocchi, D. D., Misson, L., Dawson, T. E., Goldstein, A. H. (2007) What The Towers Don'T See At Night: Nocturnal Sap Flow In Trees And Shrubs At Two Ameriflux Sites In California, Tree Physiology, 27(4), 597-610. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/27.4.597
2007	Baldocchi, D. D., Xu, L. (2007) What Limits Evaporation From Mediterranean Oak Woodlands – The Supply Of Moisture In The Soil, Physiological Control By Plants Or The Demand By The Atmosphere?, Advances In Water Resources, 30(10), 2113-2122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2006.06.013
2007	Ma, S., Baldocchi, D. D., Xu, L., Hehn, T. (2007) Inter-Annual Variability In Carbon Dioxide Exchange Of An Oak/Grass Savanna And Open Grassland In California, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 147(3-4), 157-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.07.008
2007	Chen, Q., Gong, P., Baldocchi, D., Tian, Y. Q. (2007) Estimating Basal Area And Stem Volume For Individual Trees From Lidar Data, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 73(12), 1355-1365. https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.73.12.1355
2006	Kim, J., Guo, Q., Baldocchi, D., Leclerc, M., Xu, L., Schmid, H. (2006) Upscaling Fluxes From Tower To Landscape: Overlaying Flux Footprints On High-Resolution (IKONOS) Images Of Vegetation Cover, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 136(3-4), 132-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.11.015
2005	Gu, L., Falge, E. M., Boden, T., Baldocchi, D. D., Black, T., Saleska, S. R., Suni, T., Verma, S. B., Vesala, T., Wofsy, S. C., Xu, L. (2005) Objective Threshold Determination For Nighttime Eddy Flux Filtering, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 128(3-4), 179-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.11.006
2005	Tang, J., Baldocchi, D. D. (2005) Spatial–Temporal Variation In Soil Respiration In An Oak–Grass Savanna Ecosystem In California And Its Partitioning Into Autotrophic And Heterotrophic Components, Biogeochemistry, 73(1), 183-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-5889-6
2005	Hibbard, K. A., Law, B. E., Reichstein, M., Sulzman, J. (2005) An Analysis Of Soil Respiration Across Northern Hemisphere Temperate Ecosystems, Biogeochemistry, 73(1), 29-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-2946-0
2005	Sims, D. A., Rahman, A. F., Cordova, V. D., Baldocchi, D. D., Flanagan, L. B., Goldstein, A. H., Hollinger, D. Y., Misson, L., Monson, R. K., Schmid, H. P., Wofsy, S. C., Xu, L. (2005) Midday Values Of Gross CO2 Flux And Light Use Efficiency During Satellite Overpasses Can Be Used To Directly Estimate Eight-Day Mean Flux, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 131(1-2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.04.006
2004	Xu, L., Baldocchi, D.D., Tang, J. (2004) How soil moisture, rain pulses, and growth alter the response of ecosystem respiration to temperature, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 18(GB4002), 0-0. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GB002281
2004	Xu, L., Baldocchi, D. D., Tang, J. (2004) How Soil Moisture, Rain Pulses, And Growth Alter The Response Of Ecosystem Respiration To Temperature, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 18(4), n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gb002281
2004	Baldocchi, D. D., Xu, L., Kiang, N. (2004) How Plant Functional-Type, Weather, Seasonal Drought, And Soil Physical Properties Alter Water And Energy Fluxes Of An Oak–Grass Savanna And An Annual Grassland, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 123(1-2), 13-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2003.11.006
2003	Tang, J., Baldocchi, D. D., Qi, Y., Xu, L. (2003) Assessing Soil CO2 Efflux Using Continuous Measurements Of CO2 Profiles In Soils With Small Solid-State Sensors, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 118(3-4), 207-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(03)00112-6
2003	Xu, L., Baldocchi, D. D. (2003) Seasonal Trends In Photosynthetic Parameters And Stomatal Conductance Of Blue Oak (Quercus Douglasii) Under Prolonged Summer Drought And High Temperature, Tree Physiology, 23(13), 865-877. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/23.13.865

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

DOI(s) for citing US-Ton data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

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US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

2010.US.Ton.sitevisit._20090924TZ_Tower

2010.US.Ton.sitevisit._DSC00051

2010.US.Ton.sitevisit._DSC00052

2017.US.Ton.Sitevisit.DSC07097

ViewFromTonziTower

TonziTowerSpring

Mr Tonzi and the Biomet Lab, circa 2005

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

BADM for This Site

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

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US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

DOI(s) for citing US-Ton data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

2010.US.Ton.sitevisit._20090924TZ_Tower

2010.US.Ton.sitevisit._DSC00051

2010.US.Ton.sitevisit._DSC00052

2017.US.Ton.Sitevisit.DSC07097

ViewFromTonziTower

TonziTowerSpring

Mr Tonzi and the Biomet Lab, circa 2005

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

MODIS NDVI

PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data

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GeoNEX Data Products

NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation

LST: Land Surface Temperature

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US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

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US-Ton: Tonzi Ranch

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