US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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Tower_team: | |
PI: | Russell Scott russ.scott@ars.usda.gov - USDA-ARS |
Technician: | Ross Bryant Ross.Bryant@usda.gov - USDA |
Lat, Long: | 31.5659, -110.1344 |
Elevation(m): | 1240 |
Network Affiliations: | AmeriFlux |
Vegetation IGBP: | SAV (Savannas: Lands with herbaceous and other understory systems, and with forest canopy cover between 10-30%. The forest cover height exceeds 2 meters.) |
Climate Koeppen: | Bwh (Desert: warm winter) |
Mean Annual Temp (°C): | 17 |
Mean Annual Precip. (mm): | 288 |
Flux Species Measured: | CO2, H2O |
Years Data Collected: | 2003 - 2007 |
Years Data Available: | AmeriFlux BASE 2002 - 2007 Data Citation AmeriFlux FLUXNET 2002 - 2007 Data Citation |
Data Use Policy: | AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy1 |
Description: | A riparian savanna located on an old alluvial terrace about 0.5 km from the banks of the entrenched San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona USA. Site ... A riparian savanna located on an old alluvial terrace about 0.5 km from the banks of the entrenched San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona USA. Site climate is semiarid with monsoonal (Jul-Sep) rainfall. The trees access groundwater (depth of ~7 m)from an alluvial aquifer recharged elsewhere. Therefore, site water balance is not closed and ET greatly exceeds precipitation. The perennial bunchgrasses use primarily rainfall. This groundwater-using ecosystem is far more ebulliant and productive than the upland vegetation around it (shrublands and grasslands) outside of the San Pedro River corridor. See MoreShow Less |
URL: | — |
Research Topics: | riparian vegetation water use and carbon uptake, groundwater dependent ecosystem functioning, woody plant encroachment |
Acknowledgment: | — |
- This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if this site’s data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.




Copyright preference: As long as credit is given
US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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Use the information below for citation of this site. See the Data Policy page for more details.
DOI(s) for citing US-LS2 data
Data Use Policy: AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 License
This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if US-LS2 data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
- AmeriFlux BASE: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1660347
Citation: Russell Scott (2020), AmeriFlux BASE US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna, Ver. 1-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1660347 - AmeriFlux FLUXNET: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/2204870
Citation: Russell Scott (2023), AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-LS2 San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna, Ver. 3-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/2204870
Find global FLUXNET datasets, like FLUXNET2015 and FLUXNET-CH4, and their citation information at fluxnet.org.
To cite BADM when downloaded on their own, use the publications below for citing site characterization. When using BADM that are downloaded with AmeriFlux BASE and AmeriFlux FLUXNET products, use the DOI citation for the associated data product.
Publication(s) for citing site characterization
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Acknowledgments
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US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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AmeriFlux Images | Add Image |

Lewis Springs Mesquite Savanna – US-LS2
Keywords: savanna, shrubland, riparian, sacaton, groundwater
Location: Arizona, United States
View in Original Size
To download, right-click photo (Mac: control-click) and choose Save Image As
US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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MODIS NDVI
The time series shows the 16-day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) average from the MOD13Q1 data product.
Use the slider below the time series to zoom in and out.
To view / download these data and other MOD13Q1 products for this site, visit MODIS/Terra Vegetation Indices.
For other related products, visit MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.
Citation:
ORNL DAAC. 2018. Terrestrial Ecology Subsetting & Visualization Services (TESViS) Fixed Sites Subsets. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1567
MODIS NDVI subsetted data is not yet available for this site.
For a complete list of AmeriFlux sites, visit ORNL DAAC's MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.
PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data
PhenoCams are high-resolution digital cameras that take repeated images of studied ecosystems and provide quantitative information about the canopy phenology. The PhenoCam Network coordinates the camera installation and data reporting/analyses across sites in the Americas, providing automated, near-surface remote sensing of canopy phenology across a range of ecosystems and climate zones. Use of PhenoCam images / data should follow the PhenoCam Data Use Policy .
No PhenoCam data for this siteGeoNEX Data Products
GeoNEX led by NASA Earth eXchange (NEX) is a collaborative effort for generating Earth monitoring products from the new generation of geostationary satellite sensors. GeoNEX has produced a suite of geostationary data products including surface reflectance, land surface temperature, surface solar radiation, and many others.
The GeoNEX Common Grid locates GeoNEX data in the geographic (latitude/longitude) projection. Pixels (grid cells) are created at regular 0.005°, 0.01°, and 0.02° resolutions.
GeoNEX pixels below cover the area 0.06° x 0.06° around and including site US-LS2, 31.5659, -110.1344.
Click a square in the grid at left to display its data below.
Coordinates for selected GeoNEX Pixel
Graph controls:
- Zoom: click-drag
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NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & 10 minutes
Coordinates for pixel:
NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation
Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & 10 minutes
Coordinates for pixel:
DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation
Resolution: 0.01° x 0.01° & Hourly
Coordinates for pixel:
LST: Land Surface Temperature
Resolution: 0.02° x 0.02° & Hourly
Coordinates for pixel:
Citation
This material can be used without obtaining permission from NASA. NASA should be acknowledged as the source of this material.
Subset Data Citation:
- Hashimoto, H., Wang, W., Park, T., Khajehei, S., Ichii, K., Michaelis, A.R., Guzman, A., Nemani, R.R., Torn, M., Yi, K., Brosnan, I.G. (in preparation). Subsets of geostationary satellite data over international observing network sites for studying the diurnal dynamics of energy, carbon, and water cycles.
Relevant Science Publication Citation:
GeoNEX Surface Reflectance for Vegetation Indices (NDVI & NIRv)- Wang, W., Wang, Y., Lyapustin, A., Hashimoto, H., Park, T., Michaelis, A., & Nemani, R. (2022). A novel atmospheric correction algorithm to exploit the diurnal variability in hypertemporal geostationary observations. Remote Sensing, 14(4), 964.
- Li, R., Wang, D., Wang, W., & Nemani, R. (2023). A GeoNEX-based high-spatiotemporal-resolution product of land surface downward shortwave radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. Earth System Science Data, 15(3), 1419-1436.
- Jia, A., Liang, S., & Wang, D. (2022). Generating a 2-km, all-sky, hourly land surface temperature product from Advanced Baseline Imager data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 278, 113105.
US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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AmeriFlux Publications | Add Publication |
Year | Publication |
---|---|
2013 | Barron-Gafford, G. A., Scott, R. L., Jenerette, G. D., Hamerlynck, E. P., Huxman, T. E. (2013) Landscape And Environmental Controls Over Leaf And Ecosystem Carbon Dioxide Fluxes Under Woody Plant Expansion, Journal Of Ecology, 101(6), 1471-1483. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12161 |
2013 | Cable, J. M., Ogle, K., Barron-Gafford, G. A., Bentley, L. P., Cable, W. L., Scott, R. L., Williams, D. G., Huxman, T. E. (2013) Antecedent Conditions Influence Soil Respiration Differences In Shrub And Grass Patches, Ecosystems, 16(7), 1230-1247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-013-9679-7 |
2012 | Cable, J. M., Barron-Gafford, G. A., Ogle, K., Pavao-Zuckerman, M., Scott, R. L., Williams, D. G., Huxman, T. E. (2012) Shrub Encroachment Alters Sensitivity Of Soil Respiration To Temperature And Moisture, Journal Of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 117(G1), . https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001757 |
2006 | SCOTT, R. L., HUXMAN, T. E., WILLIAMS, D. G., GOODRICH, D. C. (2006) Ecohydrological Impacts Of Woody-Plant Encroachment: Seasonal Patterns Of Water And Carbon Dioxide Exchange Within A Semiarid Riparian Environment, Global Change Biology, 12(2), 311-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01093.x |
US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
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- Publications
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BADM for This Site
Access the Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance and Metadata (BADM) information and data for this site.
BADM contain information for many uses, such as characterizing a site’s vegetation and soil, describing disturbance history, and defining instrumentation for flux processing. They complement the flux/met data.
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US-LS2: San Pedro River Lewis Springs Savanna
- Overview
- Windroses
- Data Citation
- Data Use Log
- Image Gallery
- Remote Sensing Data
- MODIS
- PhenoCam
- GeoNEX
- Publications
- BADM