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US-Ho3: Howland Forest (harvest site)

Tower_team:
PI: Andrew Ouimette Andrew.Ouimette@usda.gov - USDA Forest Service
AncContact: David Hollinger David.Hollinger@unh.edu - USDA Forest Service
Technician: John Lee jtlee@maine.edu - University of Maine
Technician: Roel Alfredo Ruzol roel.ruzol@maine.edu - University of Maine
Lat, Long: 45.2072, -68.7250
Elevation(m): 61
Network Affiliations: AmeriFlux
Vegetation IGBP: ENF (Evergreen Needleleaf Forests: Lands dominated by woody vegetation with a percent cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Almost all trees remain green all year. Canopy is never without green foliage.)
Climate Koeppen: Dfb (Warm Summer Continental: significant precipitation in all seasons )
Mean Annual Temp (°C): 5.31
Mean Annual Precip. (mm): 1072
Flux Species Measured: CO2
Years Data Collected: 2000 - Present
Years Data Available:

AmeriFlux BASE 2003 - 2009   Data Citation
Data Use Policy:AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy1
Description:
Closed conifer forest, minimal disturbance. References: Fernandez et al. (1993), Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73 317-328. Hollinger et al. (1999), ...
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URL: http://howlandforest.org/site_files/site.html
Research Topics: Carbon sequestration
Acknowledgment: —
Site Tasks
  1. This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
    The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if this site’s data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
Site Photo More Site Images
Image Credit: Bob Evans, 06/30/2010
Copyright preference: Open use
Site Publication More Site Publications

US-Ho3: Howland Forest (harvest site)

Use the information below for citation of this site. See the Data Policy page for more details.

DOI(s) for citing US-Ho3 data

Data Use Policy: AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 License

This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if US-Ho3 data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.

  • AmeriFlux BASE: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1246063
    Citation: David Hollinger (2016), AmeriFlux BASE US-Ho3 Howland Forest (harvest site), Ver. 2-1, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1246063

To cite BADM when downloaded on their own, use the publications below for citing site characterization. When using BADM that are downloaded with AmeriFlux BASE and AmeriFlux FLUXNET products, use the DOI citation for the associated data product.

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

    —

Acknowledgments

    —

Resources

US-Ho3: Howland Forest (harvest site)

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Note: Results are the number of downloads to distinct data users. The Download Count column indicates the number of times the data user downloaded the data. The Version column refers to the version of the data product for the site that was downloaded by the data user.

Year Range

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US-Ho3: Howland Forest (harvest site)

Year Publication
2021 Chu, H., Luo, X., Ouyang, Z., Chan, W. S., Dengel, S., Biraud, S. C., Torn, M. S., Metzger, S., Kumar, J., Arain, M. A., Arkebauer, T. J., Baldocchi, D., Bernacchi, C., Billesbach, D., Black, T. A., Blanken, P. D., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Brown, S., Brunsell, N. A., Chen, J., Chen, X., Clark, K., Desai, A. R., Duman, T., Durden, D., Fares, S., Forbrich, I., Gamon, J. A., Gough, C. M., Griffis, T., Helbig, M., Hollinger, D., Humphreys, E., Ikawa, H., Iwata, H., Ju, Y., Knowles, J. F., Knox, S. H., Kobayashi, H., Kolb, T., Law, B., Lee, X., Litvak, M., Liu, H., Munger, J. W., Noormets, A., Novick, K., Oberbauer, S. F., Oechel, W., Oikawa, P., Papuga, S. A., Pendall, E., Prajapati, P., Prueger, J., Quinton, W. L., Richardson, A. D., Russell, E. S., Scott, R. L., Starr, G., Staebler, R., Stoy, P. C., Stuart-Haëntjens, E., Sonnentag, O., Sullivan, R. C., Suyker, A., Ueyama, M., Vargas, R., Wood, J. D., Zona, D. (2021) Representativeness Of Eddy-Covariance Flux Footprints For Areas Surrounding Ameriflux Sites, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 301-302, 108350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108350
2018 Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Poindexter, C., Abraha, M., Desai, A. R., Bohrer, G., Arain, M. A., Griffis, T., Blanken, P. D., O'Halloran, T. L., Thomas, R. Q., Zhang, Q., Burns, S. P., Frank, J. M., Christian, D., Brown, S., Black, T. A., Gough, C. M., Law, B. E., Lee, X., Chen, J., Reed, D. E., Massman, W. J., Clark, K., Hatfield, J., Prueger, J., Bracho, R., Baker, J. M., Martin, T. A. (2018) Temporal Dynamics Of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks, Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 9275–9287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306
2005 Xiao, X., Zhang, Q., Hollinger, D., Aber, J., Moore, B. (2005) Modeling Gross Primary Production Of An Evergreen Needleleaf Forest Using Modis And Climate Data, Ecological Applications, 15(3), 954-969. https://doi.org/10.1890/04-0470
2004 Xiao, X., Hollinger, D., Aber, J., Goltz, M., Davidson, E. A., Zhang, Q., Moore, B. (2004) Satellite-Based Modeling Of Gross Primary Production In An Evergreen Needleleaf Forest, Remote Sensing Of Environment, 89(4), 519-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.11.008
2006 Davidson, E. A., Richardson, A. D., Savage, K. E., Hollinger, D. Y. (2006) A Distinct Seasonal Pattern Of The Ratio Of Soil Respiration To Total Ecosystem Respiration In A Spruce-Dominated Forest, Global Change Biology, 12(2), 230-239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01062.x
2002 Thornton, P., Law, B., Gholz, H. L., Clark, K. L., Falge, E., Ellsworth, D., Goldstein, A., Monson, R., Hollinger, D., Falk, M., Chen, J., Sparks, J. (2002) Modeling And Measuring The Effects Of Disturbance History And Climate On Carbon And Water Budgets In Evergreen Needleleaf Forests, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 113(1-4), 185-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(02)00108-9

US-Ho3: Howland Forest (harvest site)

BADM for This Site

Access the Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance and Metadata (BADM) information and data for this site.

BADM contain information for many uses, such as characterizing a site’s vegetation and soil, describing disturbance history, and defining instrumentation for flux processing. They complement the flux/met data.

* Online updates are shown on the Overview tab real time. However, downloaded BADM files will not reflect those updates until they have been reviewed for QA/QC.

US-Ho3: Howland Forest (harvest site)

Wind Roses

Click an image below to enlarge it, or use the navigation panel.
  • Image scale: 715m x 715m
  • Data Collected:
    • Wind roses use variables ‘WS’ and ‘WD’.
    Download Data Download Wind Rose as Image File (PNG)

    Wind Speed (m/s)

  • Graph Type
  • Wind Speed Scale
  • Wind Direction Scale (%)
  • Show Satellite Image
  • Show Wind Rose
    • Annual Average
    About Ameriflux Wind Roses
    Wind Rose Explanation
    A wind rose gives a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Presented in a circular format, a wind rose shows the frequency and intensity of winds blowing from particular directions. The length of each “spoke” around the circle indicates the amount of time (frequency) that the wind blows from a particular direction. Colors along the spokes indicate categories of wind speed (intensity). Each concentric circle represents a different frequency, emanating from zero at the center to increasing frequencies at the outer circles
    Utility
    This information can be useful to gain insight into regions surrounding a flux tower that contribute to the measured fluxes, and how those regions change in dependence of the time of day and season. The wind roses presented here are for four periods of the year, and in 16 cardinal directions. Graphics are available for all sites in the AmeriFlux network based on reported wind measurements at each site.
    Data from each site can be downloaded by clicking the ‘download’ button.
    Hover the cursor over a wind rose to obtain directions, speeds and intensities.
    Note that wind roses are not equivalent to flux footprints. Specifically, the term flux footprint describes an upwind area “seen” by the instruments measuring vertical turbulent fluxes, such that heat, water, gas and momentum transport generated in this area is registered by the instruments. Wind roses, on the other hand, identify only the direction and speed of wind.
    Where do these data come from?
    The wind roses are based on observed hourly data from the sites registered with the AmeriFlux Network.
    Parameters for AmeriFlux Wind Roses
    To use wind roses for a single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:
    • Wind Speed Scale: Per Site
    • Wind Direction Scale (%): Per Site
    To compare wind roses from more than one single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:
    • Wind Speed Scale: Non-Linear
    • Wind Direction Scale (%): AmeriFlux
    Mar - Jun; 6am - 6pm
    Mar - Jun; 6pm - 6am
    Jun - Sep; 6am - 6pm
    Jun - Sep; 6pm - 6am
    Sep - Dec; 6am - 6pm
    Sep - Dec; 6pm - 6am
    Dec - Mar; 6am - 6pm
    Dec - Mar; 6pm - 6am