Use the information below for citation of this site. See the Data Policy page for more details.

DOI(s) for citing CA-MA1 data

Data Use Policy: AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 License

This site’s data can also be used under the more restrictive AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.
The AmeriFlux Legacy Policy must be followed if CA-MA1 data are combined with data from sites that require the AmeriFlux Legacy Policy.

AmeriFlux BASE: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1617701
Citation: Brian Amiro (2023), AmeriFlux BASE CA-MA1 Manitoba Agricultural Site 1, Ver. 2-5, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/1617701
AmeriFlux FLUXNET: https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/2007165
Citation: Brian Amiro (2024), AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F CA-MA1 Manitoba Agricultural Site 1, Ver. 4-6, AmeriFlux AMP, (Dataset). https://doi.org/10.17190/AMF/2007165

Find global FLUXNET datasets, like FLUXNET2015 and FLUXNET-CH4, and their citation information at fluxnet.org.

To cite BADM when downloaded on their own, use the publications below for citing site characterization. When using BADM that are downloaded with AmeriFlux BASE and AmeriFlux FLUXNET products, use the DOI citation for the associated data product.

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

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Acknowledgments

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Resources

AmeriFlux Logos & Acknowledgments

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Oats in 2009
**Description:**
Photo of CA-MA1, Manitoba Agricultural Site, with an Oat crop in 2009
Keywords: Oats, Agriculture, crop
**Site ID:** CA-MA1
**Location:** Manitoba, Canada
**Image Date:** 2009/08/18
**Journal:** —
**Article Title:** —
**Copyright Permissions:** —
**Right to Use:** Open use

View in Original Size
To download, right-click photo (Mac: control-click) and choose Save Image As

Canola in 2010
**Description:**
Photo of CA-MA1,Manitoba Agricultural Site, with an Canola crop in 2010
Keywords: Canola,Agriculture,crop
**Site ID:** CA-MA1
**Location:** Manitoba, Canada
**Image Date:** 2010/07/07
**Journal:** —
**Article Title:** —
**Copyright Permissions:** —
**Right to Use:** Open use

View in Original Size
To download, right-click photo (Mac: control-click) and choose Save Image As

MODIS NDVI

The time series shows the 16-day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) average from the MOD13Q1 data product.
Use the slider below the time series to zoom in and out.

Includes all pixels that have acceptable quality

To view / download these data and other MOD13Q1 products for this site, visit MODIS/Terra Vegetation Indices.

For other related products, visit MODIS/VIIRS Fixed Sites Subsets Tool.

Citation:

ORNL DAAC. 2018. Terrestrial Ecology Subsetting & Visualization Services (TESViS) Fixed Sites Subsets. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1567

Read more on how to cite these MODIS products. Data come from NASA’s MODIS instruments installed on satellites Terra and Aqua, which scan the entire Earth’s surface every one to two days.

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PhenoCam Images and Derived Time Series Data

PhenoCams are high-resolution digital cameras that take repeated images of studied ecosystems and provide quantitative information about the canopy phenology. The PhenoCam Network coordinates the camera installation and data reporting/analyses across sites in the Americas, providing automated, near-surface remote sensing of canopy phenology across a range of ecosystems and climate zones. Use of PhenoCam images / data should follow the PhenoCam Data Use Policy .

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GeoNEX led by NASA Earth eXchange (NEX) is a collaborative effort for generating Earth monitoring products from the new generation of geostationary satellite sensors. GeoNEX has produced a suite of geostationary data products including surface reflectance, land surface temperature, surface solar radiation, and many others.

The GeoNEX Common Grid locates GeoNEX data in the geographic (latitude/longitude) projection. Pixels (grid cells) are created at regular 0.005°, 0.01°, and 0.02° resolutions.

GeoNEX pixels below cover the area 0.06° x 0.06° around and including site .

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NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

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NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

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Resolution: 0.02° x 0.02° & Hourly

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Citation

This material can be used without obtaining permission from NASA. NASA should be acknowledged as the source of this material.

Subset Data Citation:

Hashimoto, H., Wang, W., Park, T., Khajehei, S., Ichii, K., Michaelis, A.R., Guzman, A., Nemani, R.R., Torn, M., Yi, K., Brosnan, I.G. (in preparation). Subsets of geostationary satellite data over international observing network sites for studying the diurnal dynamics of energy, carbon, and water cycles.

Relevant Science Publication Citation:

GeoNEX Surface Reflectance for Vegetation Indices (NDVI & NIRv)

Wang, W., Wang, Y., Lyapustin, A., Hashimoto, H., Park, T., Michaelis, A., & Nemani, R. (2022). A novel atmospheric correction algorithm to exploit the diurnal variability in hypertemporal geostationary observations. Remote Sensing, 14(4), 964.

GeoNEX Surface Downward Solar Radiation (DSR):

Li, R., Wang, D., Wang, W., & Nemani, R. (2023). A GeoNEX-based high-spatiotemporal-resolution product of land surface downward shortwave radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. Earth System Science Data, 15(3), 1419-1436.

GeoNEX Land Surface Temperature (LST):

Jia, A., Liang, S., & Wang, D. (2022). Generating a 2-km, all-sky, hourly land surface temperature product from Advanced Baseline Imager data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 278, 113105.

Search Publications for this Site Publications Found: 2

AmeriFlux Publications

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Year	Publication
2013	Taylor, A. M., Amiro, B. D., Fraser, T. J. (2013) Net Co2 Exchange And Carbon Budgets Of A Three-Year Crop Rotation Following Conversion Of Perennial Lands To Annual Cropping In Manitoba, Canada, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 182-183, 67-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.07.008
2013	Fraser, T. J., Amiro, B. D. (2013) Initial Carbon Dynamics Of Perennial Grassland Conversion For Annual Cropping In Manitoba, Canadian Journal Of Soil Science, 93(3), 379-391. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss2012-109

BADM for This Site

Access the Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance and Metadata (BADM) information and data for this site.

BADM contain information for many uses, such as characterizing a site’s vegetation and soil, describing disturbance history, and defining instrumentation for flux processing. They complement the flux/met data.

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Wind Roses

Click an image below to enlarge it, or use the navigation panel.

Image scale: 650m x 650m

Data Collected:

Wind roses use variables ‘WS’ and ‘WD’.
Download Data Download Wind Rose as Image File (PNG)

Wind Speed (m/s)

Graph Type

Wind Speed Scale

Wind Direction Scale (%)

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Annual Average

About Ameriflux Wind Roses

Wind Rose Explanation

A wind rose gives a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location. Presented in a circular format, a wind rose shows the frequency and intensity of winds blowing from particular directions. The length of each “spoke” around the circle indicates the amount of time (frequency) that the wind blows from a particular direction. Colors along the spokes indicate categories of wind speed (intensity). Each concentric circle represents a different frequency, emanating from zero at the center to increasing frequencies at the outer circles

Utility

This information can be useful to gain insight into regions surrounding a flux tower that contribute to the measured fluxes, and how those regions change in dependence of the time of day and season. The wind roses presented here are for four periods of the year, and in 16 cardinal directions. Graphics are available for all sites in the AmeriFlux network based on reported wind measurements at each site.

Data from each site can be downloaded by clicking the ‘download’ button.

Hover the cursor over a wind rose to obtain directions, speeds and intensities.

Note that wind roses are not equivalent to flux footprints. Specifically, the term flux footprint describes an upwind area “seen” by the instruments measuring vertical turbulent fluxes, such that heat, water, gas and momentum transport generated in this area is registered by the instruments. Wind roses, on the other hand, identify only the direction and speed of wind.

Where do these data come from?

The wind roses are based on observed hourly data from the sites registered with the AmeriFlux Network.

Parameters for AmeriFlux Wind Roses

To use wind roses for a single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:

Wind Speed Scale: Per Site
Wind Direction Scale (%): Per Site

To compare wind roses from more than one single AmeriFlux site, the following parameters may be most useful:

Wind Speed Scale: Non-Linear
Wind Direction Scale (%): AmeriFlux

Mar - Jun; 6am - 6pm

Mar - Jun; 6pm - 6am

Jun - Sep; 6am - 6pm

Jun - Sep; 6pm - 6am

Sep - Dec; 6am - 6pm

Sep - Dec; 6pm - 6am

Dec - Mar; 6am - 6pm

Dec - Mar; 6pm - 6am

Tower_team:
PI:	Brian Amiro brian_amiro@umanitoba.ca - University of Manitoba
Lat, Long:	50.1645, -97.8762
Elevation(m):	261
Network Affiliations:	AmeriFlux
Vegetation IGBP:	CRO (Croplands: Lands covered with temporary crops followed by harvest and a bare soil period (e.g., single and multiple cropping systems). Note that perennial woody crops will be classified as the appropriate forest or shrub land cover type.)
Climate Koeppen:	Dfb (Warm Summer Continental: significant precipitation in all seasons )
Mean Annual Temp (°C):	2.6
Mean Annual Precip. (mm):	514
Flux Species Measured:	CO2, H, H2O
Years Data Collected:	2009 - 2011
Years Data Available:	AmeriFlux BASE 2009 - 2011 Data Citation AmeriFlux FLUXNET 2009 - 2011 Data Citation
Data Use Policy:	AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy¹
Description:	This field had been in perennial forages (grass with small amount of legume) for several decades. Field size = 39 ha. In 2008, the producer tilled the ... This field had been in perennial forages (grass with small amount of legume) for several decades. Field size = 39 ha. In 2008, the producer tilled the land so that part of the summer had perennial forage, and the remainder was fallow. In 2009, oats were planted. In 2010, canola was planted. In 2011, oats were planted. See Table 3 in Taylor et al (2013) describing site management practices. See More Show Less
URL:	—
Research Topics:	Agriculture, cropping systems, land-use change; perennial crop
Acknowledgment:	—

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

DOI(s) for citing CA-MA1 data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

Not Found

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

Oats in 2009

Canola in 2010

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

BADM for This Site

CA-MA1: Manitoba Agricultural Site 1

Wind Roses

Wind Speed (m/s)

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