BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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Tower_team:
PI:	Scott Saleska saleska@email.arizona.edu - University of Arizona
AncContact:	Raimundo Cosme de Oliveira, Junior raimundo.oliveira-junior@embrapa.br - Embrapa Amazônia Oriental
AncContact:	Rodrigo da Silva rsilvf@gmail.com - Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (Federal University of Western Pará)
FluxContact:	Natalia Restrepo-Coupe nataliacoupe@gmail.com - University of Arizona
Lat, Long:	-2.8567, -54.9589
Elevation(m):	88
Network Affiliations:	AmeriFlux, LBA
Vegetation IGBP:	EBF (Evergreen Broadleaf Forests: Lands dominated by woody vegetation with a percent cover >60% and height exceeding 2 meters. Almost all trees and shrubs remain green year round. Canopy is never without green foliage.)
Climate Koeppen:	Am (Tropical monsoon)
Mean Annual Temp (°C):	26.13
Mean Annual Precip. (mm):	2074.79
Flux Species Measured:	CO2
Years Data Collected:	2002 - Present
Years Data Available:	AmeriFlux BASE 2001 - 2021 Data Citation
Data Use Policy:	AmeriFlux CC-BY-4.0 Policy¹
Description:	The LBA Tapajos KM67 Mature Forest site is a closed-canopy terra firme (upland) forest, located in the FLONA Tapajos, or National Forest, a 450,000 ha ... The LBA Tapajos KM67 Mature Forest site is a closed-canopy terra firme (upland) forest, located in the FLONA Tapajos, or National Forest, a 450,000 ha government conservation unit in the Brazilian Amazon. Bounded by the Tapajos River in the west and highway BR-163 to the east, the tower is located on a flat plateau (or planalto) that extends up to 40 km to the north, south, and east. The forest at the tower site is classified as primary or "old-growth"" predominantly by its uneven age distribution, emergent trees, numerous epiphytes and abundant large logs. In January 2006 and again in November 2023, falling trees hit the tower guy wires destroying the tower and halting measurements. In each case, the tower was restored and measurements resumed, first in August of 2008 (enabled by a Partnership for International Research and Education, or PIRE, grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation) and again in June 2024. See More Show Less
URL:	https://saleskalab.org/amazon/
Research Topics:	The research and science objectives of the LBA Tapajos KM67 Mature Forest site are as follows: 1) Investigate the long-term interannual variance of carbon ... The research and science objectives of the LBA Tapajos KM67 Mature Forest site are as follows: 1) Investigate the long-term interannual variance of carbon exchange in old-growth Amazonian forests; 2) Determine the controls on seasonal and inter-annual variations of net ecosystem exchange of CO2, respiration, and photosynthesis, and water exchange; 3) Examine the seasonal limitations of forest growth; 4) Demonstrate that observed sub-canopy horizontal CO2 gradients and wind transport processes yield significant mean net transport of CO2 into or out of the control volume; 5) Examine forest biomass and dynamics at varying spatial scales. (Pyle et al., 2008, Tota et al., 2008, Hutyra et al., 2007) See More Show Less
Acknowledgment:	The Br-Sa1 Km67 tower site is a project of the Brazilian Programa de Grande Escala da Biosfera-Atmosfera na Amazônia (Large scale Biosphere-Atmosphere research program in Amazônia, LBA) (https://programalba.cloud/)

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BR-Sa1

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Image Credit: Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, 05/27/2022
Copyright preference: As long as credit is given

Site Publication More Site Publications

Year	Publication
2022	Victor Hugo da Motta Paca, Gonzalo E. Espinoza-Dávalos, Rodrigo da Silva,Raphael Tapajós, Avner Brasileiro dos Santos Gaspar (2022) Remote Sensing Products Validated by Flux Tower Data in Amazon Rain Forest, Remote Sensing, 14(5), 1259. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14051259
2019	Paca, V. H., Espinoza-Dávalos, G. E., Hessels, T. M., Moreira, D. M., Comair, G. F., Bastiaanssen, W. G. (2019) The Spatial Variability Of Actual Evapotranspiration Across The Amazon River Basin Based On Remote Sensing Products Validated With Flux Towers, Ecological Processes, 8(1), . https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0158-8
2019	Paca, V. H., Espinoza-Dávalos, G. E., Hessels, T. M., Moreira, D. M., Comair, G. F., Bastiaanssen, W. G. (2019) The Spatial Variability Of Actual Evapotranspiration Across The Amazon River Basin Based On Remote Sensing Products Validated With Flux Towers, Ecological Processes, 8(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0158-8
2018	Hayek, M. N., Wehr, R., Longo, M., Hutyra, L. R., Wiedemann, K., Munger, J. W., Bonal, D., Saleska, S. R., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Wofsy, S. C. (2018) A Novel Correction For Biases In Forest Eddy Covariance Carbon Balance, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 250-251, 90-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.12.186
2018	Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., Poindexter, C., Abraha, M., Desai, A. R., Bohrer, G., Arain, M. A., Griffis, T., Blanken, P. D., O'Halloran, T. L., Thomas, R. Q., Zhang, Q., Burns, S. P., Frank, J. M., Christian, D., Brown, S., Black, T. A., Gough, C. M., Law, B. E., Lee, X., Chen, J., Reed, D. E., Massman, W. J., Clark, K., Hatfield, J., Prueger, J., Bracho, R., Baker, J. M., Martin, T. A. (2018) Temporal Dynamics Of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks, Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 9275–9287. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306
2018	Hayek, M. N., Longo, M., Wu, J., Smith, M. N., Restrepo-Coupe, N., Tapajós, R., da Silva, R., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Camargo, P. B., Hutyra, L. R., Alves, L. F., Daube, B., Munger, J. W., Wiedemann, K. T., Saleska, S. R., Wofsy, S. C. (2018) Carbon Exchange In An Amazon Forest: From Hours To Years, Biogeosciences, 15(15), 4833-4848. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4833-2018
2005	Gu, L., Falge, E. M., Boden, T., Baldocchi, D. D., Black, T., Saleska, S. R., Suni, T., Verma, S. B., Vesala, T., Wofsy, S. C., Xu, L. (2005) Objective Threshold Determination For Nighttime Eddy Flux Filtering, Agricultural And Forest Meteorology, 128(3-4), 179-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.11.006
2005	Wick, B., Veldkamp, E., Mello, W. Z. De, Keller, M., Crill, P. (2005) Nitrous Oxide Fluxes And Nitrogen Cycling Along A Pasture Chronosequence In Central Amazonia, Brazil, Biogeosciences, 2(2), 175-187. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2-175-2005
2004	Quesada, C. A., Miranda, A. C., Hodnett, M. G., Santos, A. J., Miranda, H. S., Breyer, L. M. (2004) Seasonal And Depth Variation Of Soil Moisture In A Burned Open Savanna (Campo Sujo) In Central Brazil, Ecological Applications, 14(sp4), 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1890/01-6017
2004	Martens, C. S., Shay, T. J., Mendlovitz, H. P., Matross, D. M., Saleska, S. R., Wofsy, S. C., Woodward, W. S., Menton, M. C., De Moura, J. M., Crill, P. M., De Moraes, O. L., Lima, R. L. (2004) Radon Fluxes In Tropical Forest Ecosystems Of Brazilian Amazonia: Night-Time CO2 Net Ecosystem Exchange Derived From Radon And Eddy Covariance Methods, Global Change Biology, 10(5), 618-629. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00764.x
2004	Riggan, P. J., Tissell, R. G., Lockwood, R. N., Brass, J. A., Pereira, J. A., Miranda, H. S., Miranda, A. C., Campos, T., Higgins, R. (2004) Remote Measurement Of Energy And Carbon Flux From Wildfires In Brazil, Ecological Applications, 14(3), 855-872. https://doi.org/10.1890/02-5162
2004	Vourlitis, G. L., Priante Filho, N., Hayashi, M. M., Nogueira, J. d., Raiter, F., Hoegel, W., Campelo, Jr, J. H. (2004) Effects Of Meteorological Variations On The CO2 Exchange Of A Brazilian Transitional Tropical Forest, Ecological Applications, 14(sp4), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1890/01-6005
2004	Kruijt, B., Elbers, J. A., von Randow, C., Araújo, A. C., Oliveira, P. J., Culf, A., Manzi, A. O., Nobre, A. D., Kabat, P., Moors, E. J. (2004) The Robustness Of Eddy Correlation Fluxes For Amazon Rain Forest Conditions, Ecological Applications, 14(sp4), 101-113. https://doi.org/10.1890/02-6004
2004	Rice, A. H., Pyle, E. H., Saleska, S. R., Hutyra, L., Palace, M., Keller, M., de Camargo, P. B., Portilho, K., Marques, D. F., Wofsy, S. C. (2004) Carbon Balance And Vegetation Dynamics In An Old-Growth Amazonian Forest, Ecological Applications, 14(sp4), 55-71. https://doi.org/10.1890/02-6006
2004	Baker, T. R., Phillips, O. L., Malhi, Y., Almeida, S., Arroyo, L., Di Fiore, A., Erwin, T., Killeen, T. J., Laurance, S. G., Laurance, W. F., Lewis, S. L., Lloyd, J., Monteagudo, A., Neill, D. A., Patino, S., Pitman, N. C., M. Silva, J. N., Vasquez Martinez, R. (2004) Variation In Wood Density Determines Spatial Patterns Inamazonian Forest Biomass, Global Change Biology, 10(5), 545-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00751.x
2004	Keller, M., Alencar, A., Asner, G. P., Braswell, B., Bustamante, M., Davidson, E., Feldpausch, T., Fernandes, E., Goulden, M., Kabat, P., Kruijt, B., Luizão, F., Miller, S., Markewitz, D., Nobre, A. D., Nobre, C. A., Priante Filho, N., da Rocha, H., Silva Dias, P., von Randow, C., Vourlitis, G. L. (2004) Ecological Research In The Large-Scale Biosphere– Atmosphere Experiment In Amazonia: Early Results, Ecological Applications, 14(sp4), 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1890/03-6003
2004	Chambers, J. Q., Tribuzy, E. S., Toledo, L. C., Crispim, B. F., Higuchi, N., Santos, J. d., Araújo, A. C., Kruijt, B., Nobre, A. D., Trumbore, S. E. (2004) Respiration From A Tropical Forest Ecosystem: Partitioning Of Sources And Low Carbon Use Efficiency, Ecological Applications, 14(sp4), 72-88. https://doi.org/10.1890/01-6012
2003	Saleska, S. R., Miller, S. D., Matross, D. M., Goulden, M. L., Wofsy, S. C., Rocha, H. R. da, Camargo, P. B. de, Crill, P., Daube, B. C., Freitas, H. C. de, Hutyra, L., Keller, M., Kirchhoff, V., Menton, M., Munger, J. W., Pyle, E. H., Rice, A. H., Silva, H. (2003) Carbon In Amazon Forests: Unexpected Seasonal Fluxes And Disturbance-Induced Losses, Science, 302(5650), 1554-1557. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1091165

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

DOI(s) for citing BR-Sa1 data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

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BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

Tapajos National Forest

Tapajos National Forest

Tapajos National Forest

Tapajos National Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

DOI(s) for citing BR-Sa1 data

Publication(s) for citing site characterization

Acknowledgments

Resources

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

Tapajos National Forest

Tapajos National Forest

Tapajos National Forest

Tapajos National Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NIRv Near-Infrared Reflectance of vegetation

DSR: Surface downward shortwave radiation

LST: Land Surface Temperature

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BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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BR-Sa1: Santarem-Km67-Primary Forest

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