The expansion of the agricultural frontier driven by deforestation in the Amazon has promoted the increasing conversion of land use and land cover, where forests are being converted into pastures, and/or, with population growth, giving way to the creation of cities. This transformation in vegetation cover is reflected in the climatic elements, and consequently, in the response to microscale atmospheric phenomena. The most recent research carried out with observational data from the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Program in the Amazon (LBA) indicates changes in biogeochemical water cycles such as reductions in rainfall between forested and non-forested regions. However, few studies evaluate the conversion of forests into cities. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate how the modification of the forest-city and forest-pasture land cover impacts the coldest days of the year when frontal systems incursion occurs, in the central region of Rondônia, southwest of the Amazon. The results indicate that the climatic elements are modified with the anthropization, however, between the anthropized environments no significant differences were evidenced. Forest conversion increased the temperature range by around 2 °C.
